Дифосген

Описание

Diphosgene (DP), trichloromethyl chloroformate, is a clear, colorless liquid with an odor similar to phosgene. It is noncombustible, a strong irritant to the eyes and tissues, and is toxic by inhalation and ingestion. DP has a boiling point of 127°C–128°C (263°F) and a vapor pressure of 4.2 at 68°F (20°C). The liquid density is 1.65, which is heavier than water, and a melting/freezing point of 314°F (157°C). Inhalation LC50 is 3600 mg/m3 for 10 min. Effects of exposure are quite similar to phosgene gas. Its molecular formula is ClCOOCCl3, and the structure and molecular formula are shown in Figure 8.38. The DOT lists diphosgene as a 6.1 poison liquid. The NFPA 704 designation for CG is estimated to be health 4, flammability 0, reactivity 1, and special 0. It has a four-digit UN identification number of 2972.

Химические свойства

clear colorless liquid

Использование

In organic synthesis; as war gas.

Определение

diphosgene: A colourless liquid,ClCO.O.CCl₃, originally used in 1916by Germany in World War I as achemical warfare agent. It is nowused as a reagent in organic synthesis.See also carbonyl chloride.

Общее описание

Colorless liquid, odorless to fruity.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Decomposes slowly in water or moist air (or when inhaled) to form very corrosive hydrogen chloride gas (hydrochloric acid) and carbon monoxide.

Опасность

Toxic by inhalation and ingestion, strong irritant to tissue.

Пожароопасность

Some may burn but none ignite readily. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Some of these materials may react violently with water. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release toxic and/or corrosive gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

Профиль безопасности

Low toxicity by inhalation. A corrosive liquid. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors of Cl-.