Резорцинол

Химические свойства

Resorcinol is a white crystalline solid with a characteristic odor and a sweetish taste. Turns pink on expo- sure to air or light, or contact with iron.

Вхождение

Reported found in roasted barley, cane molasses, beer, red wine, white wine, special wine and coffee.

Использование

In very mild solutions, resorcinol is used as an anti-septic and soothing preparation for itchy skin. In slightly higher concentrations, resorcinol removes the top layer of the stratum corneum and is used particularly in cases of acne. In still higher concentrations, it can act as an aggressive surface skin exfoliant. Resorcinol can also be used as a preservative. While it is a beneficial skin care ingredient when used in low concentrations, it causes irritation in higher concentrations with a strong burning sensation and a reddening of the skin. used in high concentrations as a peel, resorcinol may cause a variety of problems, including swelling. It is is obtained from various resins.

Определение

ChEBI: Resorcinol is a benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3. It has a role as an erythropoietin inhibitor and a sensitiser. It is a benzenediol, a member of resorcinols and a phenolic donor.

Показания

Resorcinol (resorcin), a phenol derivative, is less keratolytic than salicylic acid. This drug is an irritant and sensitizer and reported to be both bactericidal and fungicidal. Solutions containing 1% to 2% have been used in preparations for seborrhea, acne, and psoriasis.

Общее описание

Very white crystalline solid that becomes pink on exposure to light if not completely pure. Burns although ignition is difficult. Density approximately 1.28 g / cm3. Irritating to skin and eyes. Toxic by skin absorption. Used to make plastics and pharmaceuticals.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Hygroscopic. Soluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

Resorcine is a weak organic acid. Incompatible with acetanilide, albumin, alkalis, antipyrine, camphor, iron salts, menthol, spirit nitrous ether, and urethane. Can react with oxidizing materials . Has a potentially explosive reaction with concentrated nitric acid [Lewis]. Turns pink on contact with iron.

Опасность

Irritant to skin and eyes. Questionable car- cinogen.

Угроза здоровью

The acute oral toxicity of resorcinol is moderate in most test animals. It is less toxic than phenol or catechol. Ingestion or skin absorption can cause methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, and convulsions. Vapors or dusts are irritant to mucous membranes. Contact with the skin or eyes can cause strong irritation. An amount of 100 mg caused severe irritation in rabbit eyes.
LD50 value, oral (rats): 301 mg/kg (NIOSH 1986).

Пожароопасность

Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode.

Контактные аллергены

Resorcinol is used in hairdressing as a modifier (or a coupler) of the PPD group of dyes. It is the least frequent sensitizer in hairdressers. It is also used in resins, in skin treatment mixtures, and for tanning. Severe cases of dermatitis due to resorcinol contained in wart preparations have been reported.

Профиль безопасности

Human poison by ingestion. Experimental poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, parenteral, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic experimentally by skin contact and intravenous routes. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Human mutation data reported. A skin and severe eye irritant. It can cause systemic poisoning by acting as both a blood and nerve poison. In a suitable solvent, this material can readily be absorbed through human skin and can cause local hyperemia, itching, dermatitis, edema, and corrosion associated with enlargement of regonal lymph glands as well as serious systemic disorders such as restlessness, methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, convulsions, tachycardia, dyspnea, and death. These same symptoms can be induced by ingestion of the material. For poisoning, treat symptomatically. Get medical advice. Used as a topical antiseptic and keratolytic agent. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidming materials. To fight fEe, use water, CO2, dry chemical. Potentially explosive reaction with concentrated nitric acid. Incompatible with acetadde, alkalies, ferric salts, spirit nitrous ether, urethan. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes

Возможный контакт

Resorcinol is weakly antiseptic; resorcinol compounds are used in the production of resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesives; or as an intermediate; in pharmaceuticals and hair dyes for human use. Major industrial uses are as adhesives in rubber products and tires, wood adhesive resins, and as ultraviolet absorbers in polyolefin plastics. Resorcinol is also a by-product of coal conversion and is a component of cigarette smoke. Thus, substantial opportunity exists for human exposure.

Канцерогенность

Acute Toxicity. The primary signs of intoxication resemble those induced by phenol, and include initial stimulation of the CNS, followed by depression, renal glomerular and tubular degeneration, central hepatic necrosis, myocardial depression, pruritus, and reddening of the skin. Resorcinol has been reported to be less toxic than phenol or pyrocatechol by oral and dermal routes.
Resorcinol is a simple aromatic chemical (1,3-benzenediol) that has found widespread use, particularly as a coupler in hair dyes. Clinical experience clearly shows that resorcinol is a skin sensitizer, although several predictive tests have been negative. In a local lymph node assay performed in accordance with OECD Guideline 429, resorcinol was identified as a skin sensitizer.
Few reports of the toxicity of resorcinol have been published. Oral ingestion in humans may cause methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, and convulsions, whereas dermal exposure has been reported to cause dermatitis, hyperemia, and pruritus. Industrial inhalation exposures are rather rare, but could occur in any industry if the compound is heated beyond 300°F.
Pathology reported for humans includes anemia, marked siderosis of the spleen and marked tubular injury in the kidney, fatty changes of the liver, degenerative changes in the kidney, fatty changes of the heart muscle, moderate enlargement and pigmentation of the spleen, and edema and emphysema of the lungs.

Перевозки

UN2876 Resorcinol, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

Методы очистки

Crystallise resorcinol from *benzene, toluene or *benzene/diethyl ether. The benzoate has m 117o. [Beilstein 6 IV 2069.]

Несовместимости

Reacts with oxidizers, nitric acid; oil, ferric salts; methanol, acetanilide, albumin, antipyrene, alkalies, urethane, ammonia, amino compounds. Hygroscopic; absorbs moisture from the air.

Утилизация отходов

Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations govern- ing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Dissolve in a combustible solvent and incinerate.