DEOXYNIVALENOL

Описание

Vomitoxin or deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the trichothecenes (mycotoxins) which comprise a large group (148 or more have been identified) of protein synthesis inhibitors. These mycotoxins are also powerful immunosuppressants which may predispose animals to other diseases.
Vomitoxin is the most commonly found trichothecene in moldy corn (maize), but a number of other biologically active trichothecenes are produced by species of the fungus Fusarium. These include nivalenol, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), and monoacetoxyscipenol (MAS). These mycotoxins are most toxic when fed to swine and other monogastric animals including humans. Poultry are generally more resistant to trichothecenes than hogs, whereas T-2 toxin and DAS appear to be more toxic to chickens than vomitoxin. Toxins already present in corn at harvest may increase in stored ear corn. Extended periods of warm, rainy, or damp weather from flowering time onward promote infection of corn by Fusarium species (1–7).

Химические свойства

Off-White Solid

Использование

Deoxynivalenol is a tricothecene mycotoxin and potent protein synthesis inhibitor. Deoxynivalenol exhibits cytotoxic activity in vivo via the ribotoxic stress response. Deoxynivalenol induces p38-mediated gene expression and apoptosis in leukocytes; activity results in systemic expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and other proinflammatory cytokines. Also induces migration of NF-κB into the nucleus.

Общее описание

Deoxynivalenol belongs to the class of type B trichothecene mycotoxins typically produced by the species of Fusarium genus. It is cytotoxic and is known to hinder the macromolecular synthesis.