Ксантин

Химические свойства

White to off-white crystalline powder

Использование

2,6-Dihydroxypurine was fund in animal organs, yeast, patatoes, coffee beans, tea. 2,6-Dihydroxypurine can be used to relax and widen certain breathing passages of the lungs. It is also found that a large number of derivatives have adenoside receptor antagonist properties.

Определение

A poisonous colorless crystalline organic compound that occurs in blood, coffee beans, potatoes, and urine. It is used as a chemical intermediate.

Origin

Xanthines (1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-diones) are purine based natural heterocyclic alkaloids. They were first discovered in 1817 by German chemist Emil Fisher and later the name ‘xanthine’ was coined in 1899[1].

Общее описание

Xanthine is a purine that can be produced in the purine metabolic pathway via different precursors:

• Guanine deamination by guanine deaminase
• Hypoxanthine conversion by xanthine oxidoreductase

Методы очистки

The monohydrate separates in a microcrystalline form on slow acidification with acetic acid of a solution of xanthine in dilute NaOH. It is also precipitated by addition of conc NH3 to its solution in hot 2N HCl (charcoal). After washing with H2O and EtOH, it is dehydrated by heating above 125o. Its solubility in H2O is 1 in 14,000parts at 16o and 1 in 1,500parts of boiling H2O, and separates as plates . It has no m, but the perchlorate has m 262-264o [Lister Purines Part II, Fused Pyrimidines Brown Ed, Wiley-Interscience pp252-253 1971, ISBN 0-471-38205-1]. [Beilstein 26 H 447, 26 I 131, 26 II 260, 26 III/IV 2327.]

использованная литература

[1] Ahlawat, Jyoti Minakshi Sharma and Chandra S. Pundir. “Advances in xanthine biosensors and sensors: A review.” Enzyme and Microbial Technology 69 1 (2023).