Propachlor is a light tan solid.
Tan powder. Mp 68C. Soluble in alcohol,
benzene.
Selective preemergence herbicide used to control most annual grasses and some
broad-leaved weeds in brassicas, corn, cotton, flax, leeks, maize, milo, onions, peas, roses,
ornamental trees and shrubs, soybeans, sugarcane.
ChEBI: An anilide that consists of 2-chloroacetanilide bearing an N-isopropyl substituent.
Light tan solid. Corrosive to iron and steel. Used as an herbicide.
Hydrolyzed by strong acid and base.
A chloroacetanilide derivative.
Toxic by ingestion and skin absorption.
Herbicide: 217-638-2 [Annex I Index No.: 616-008-00-8] Uses: A pre-emergence herbicide used to combat annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds in corn, sorghum, soybeans, cotton, sugar cane, sugar beets, vegetable crops, forage crops, pasture land and range land. Also used to control weeds in groundnuts, leeks, onions, peas, maize, roses and ornamental trees and shrubs. Not approved for use in EU countries. Not registered for use in the U.S. except California.
AATRAM®[C]; ACLID®; AI3-51503®; ALBRASS®; BEXTON®[C]; CIPA®; CP 31393®; KARTEX A®; NITICID®; RAMROD®; RAMROD® 65; SATECID®; WALLOP®[C]
Those engaged in the manufacture,
formulation and application of this preemergence herbicide
which is used to combat annual grasses and broad-leaved
weeds in corn, soybeans, cotton, sugar cane and
vegetable crops.
Biological. In the presence of suspended natural populations from unpolluted aquatic
systems, the second-order microbial transformation rate constant determined in the laboratory was reported to be 1.1 × 10–9 L/organisms-hour (Steen, 1991).
Groundwater. According to the U.S. EPA (1986) propachlor has a high potential to
leach to groundwater.
Plant. In corn seedlings and excised leaves of corn, sorghum, sugarcane and barley,
propachlor was metabolized to at least three water-soluble products. Two of these metabolites were identified as a γ-glutamylcysteine conjugate of propachlor and a glutathione
conjugate of propachlor. It was postulated that both compounds were intermediate compounds in corn seedlings since they were not detected 3 days following treatment (Lamoureux et al., 1971).
Photolytic. When propachlor in an aqueous ethanolic solution was irradiated with UV
light (λ = 290 nm) for 5 hours, 80% decomposed to the following cyclic photo-products:
N-isopropyloxindole, N-isopropyl-3-hydroxyoxindole and a spiro compound. Irradiation
of propachlor in an aqueous solution containing riboflavin as a sensitizer resulted in
completed degradation of the parent compound. m-Hydroxypropachlor was the only compound identified in trace amounts which formed via ring hydroxylation (Rejt et al., 1984).
Hydrolyzes under alkaline conditions forming N-isopropylaniline (Sittig, 1985) which is
also a product of microbial metabolism (Novick et al., 1986).
Chemical/Physical. Emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides and chlorine when heated
to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987). Hydrolyzes under alkaline conditions forming
N-isopropylaniline (Sittig, 1985) which is also a product of microbial metabolism (Novicket al., 1986). Propachlor is rapidly hydrolyzed in Water (Yu et al., 1975a). The hydrolysis
half-lives at 68.0°C and pH values of 3.10 and 10.20 were calculated to be 36.6 and 1.2
days, respectively (Ellington et al., 1986).
UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required. UN2588 Pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous sub-
stances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous
hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo-
sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Attacks carbon steel.
Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all bases, both
inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial
heat, water and a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible
with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas),
diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans,
nitrides, and sulfides (releasing heat, toxic and possibly flam-
mable gases), thiosulfates and dithionites (releasing hydrogen
sulfate and oxides of sulfur).
Alkaline hydrolysis would
yield N-isopropylaniline. However, incineration @ 850 C
together with flue gas scrubbing is the preferred disposal
method .
