-
外観
無色澄明の液体
-
溶解性
水に可溶。アルコールに不溶。熱水に溶けやすく、水にやや溶けにくく、エタノールにほとんど溶けない。
-
用途
樹脂の重合開始剤、漂白剤
-
用途
合成樹脂などの重合開始剤,酸化剤,漂白剤
-
用途
原子吸光分析による水銀分析用前処理剤。
-
用途
分析前処理剤、アクリルアミド重合開始剤。
-
用途
水中の窒素・りん分析における試料の前処理剤。
-
使用上の注意
徐々に分解して酸性塩を生じるが、水分によって分解が促進される。
-
説明
Potassium persulfate, is composed of white crystals that are soluble in water, and it decomposes below 212°F (100°C). Potassium persulfate is a dangerous fire risk in contact with organic materials. It is a strong oxidizing agent and an irritant, with a four-digit UN identification number of 1492. The primary uses are in bleaching, as an oxidizing agent, as an antiseptic, as a polymerization promoter, and in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals.
-
化学的特性
Potassium persulfate is a colorless or white,
odorless crystalline material.
-
物理的性質
Colorless or white crystals; triclinic structure; density 2.477 g/cm3; stable in solid crystalline form; decomposes on heating, evolving oxygen; completely decomposes at about 100°C; sparingly soluble in cold water 1.75 g/100mL at 0°C; moderately soluble at ordinary temperature, 5.29 g/100 mL at 20°C;aqueous solution acidic and unstable, decomposing slowly at room temperature and more rapidly when the solution is warmed; insoluble in alcohol.
-
使用
Potassium persulfate?is a powerful oxidant, commonly used to initiate polymerizations. Potassium Persulphate used for bleaching and textile desizing, as an oxidizing agent and antiseptic, in purification of ammonium sulfate, and in the manufacture of soap and pharmaceuticals. It is also used as al laboratory oxidant and photography chemical. It is a food additive.
-
製造方法
Potassium persulfate can be prepared by electrolysis of a mixture of potassium sulfate and potassium hydrogen sulfate at a high current density:
2KHSO4→K2S2O8+ H2
Also, the compound can be prepared by adding potassium hydrogen sulfate,KHSOto an electrolyzed solution of ammonium hydrogen sulfate, NH4HSO4.
-
一般的な説明
A white crystalline solid. Specific gravity 2.477. Decomposes below 100°C.
-
空気と水の反応
Water soluble. Slowly decomposed by water. The salt rapidly liberates oxygen when heated, and especially so when wet.
-
反応プロフィール
Potassium persulfate is an oxidizing agent. Noncombustible but accelerates the burning of combustible material. Potassium persulfate plus a little potassium hydroxide and water released sufficient heat and oxygen to ignite a polythene (polyethylene) liner in a container. [MCA Case History 1155. 1955].
-
危険性
Strong irritant and oxidizing agent. Fire risk
in contact with organic materials.
-
健康ハザード
Inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
-
火災危険
These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May explode from heat or contamination. Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.
-
农业用途
Potassium sulphate, also called sulphate of potash, is a
white crystalline material, moderately hygroscopic,
available in fine, granular and semi-granular forms. It
contains 48 to 54% potassium (as K2O) and supplies 17 to
20 % of sulphate. Chloride-sensitive crops like tobacco,
grapes and potato require chloride-free potassium
fertilizers. Therefore, these crops are fertilized with
potassium sulphate, although this is more expensive than
potassium chloride. These three crops, being major
crops, account for about 7% of the total potash
consumption. For best results, potassium sulphate should
contain at least 50 % potash by weight.
Potassium sulphate occurs in nature as 'langbeinite' ,
a double sulphate of potassium and magnesium
(K2SO4?2MgSO4) and made from burkeite
(Na2CO3?2Na2SO4), kainite (KCl?MgS04?3H2O) or
potassium chloride (KCl) as follows:
When applied to soil, potassium ion from the watersoluble
potassium sulphate is retained in the soil colloids
and not easily leached out. This makes potassium
sulphate an excellent fertilizer, useful for all soils and
crops while sowing or before sowing. It is also a safe
ingredient of powdered, mixed fertilizers.
-
安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. An irritant and allergen. A
powerful oxidtzer. Flammable when
exposed to heat or by chemical reaction.
Can react with reducing materials. It
liberates oxygen above 100' when dry or @
about 50' when in solution. When heated to
decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of
SOx,, S2O8, and K2O.
-
職業ばく露
Potassium persulfate is used as a
bleaching and oxidizing agent; it is used in redox polymeri-
zation catalysts; in the defiberizing of wet strength paper
and in the desizing of textiles. Soluble in water.
-
輸送方法
UN1492 Potassium persulfate, Hazard Class:
5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer.
-
純化方法
Crystallise the persulfate twice from distilled water (10mL/g) and dry it at 50o in a vacuum desiccator. Its solubility in H2O is 1.6% at 0o, 4.5% at 20o, and 7.2% at 30o. An aqueous solution decomposes on long standing with evolution of O2 and formation of KHSO4. It is a powerful oxidising agent. Store it at ~10o. [Fehér in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 390 1963.]
-
不和合性
A strong oxidizer. Incompatible with
combustible, organic or other readily oxidizable materials;
sulfur, metallic dusts, such as aluminum dust; chlorates and
perchlorates. Attacks chemically active metals. Keep away
from moisture.
-
廃棄物の処理
Use large volumes of
reducing agents (bisulfites, e.g.). Neutralize with soda ash
and drain into sewer with abundant water.
