Nicotiflorin is a flavonoid that has been found in I. glandulifera and has antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; ) and ABTS radicals with EC50 values of 0.52 and 0.48 mg/ml, respectively, in cell-free assays. Nicotiflorin (1 μM) prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced decreases in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in PC12 cells and cell death in primary rat mesencephalic neurons. It decreases infarct volume by 24.5, 45.8, and 63.2% when administered at doses of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, respectively, in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by transient middle central artery occlusion (MCAO).
Light yellow needle-shaped crystals, soluble in organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and DMSO, derived from Sophora japonica seeds and safflower.
Kaempferol 3-O-β -Rutinoside is a flavonoid antioxidant compound from Cichorium spinosum L. ecotype plants and also may display anti-diabetic activity. It is a component of many plant species including Helianthemum ruficomum.
ChEBI: Kaempferol-3-rutinoside is a kaempferol O-glucoside that is kaempferol attached to a rutinosyl [6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucosyl] residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the leaves of Solanum campaniforme. It has a role as a metabolite, a radical scavenger and a plant metabolite. It is a rutinoside, a trihydroxyflavone, a disaccharide derivative and a kaempferol O-glucoside.
Kaempferol 3-O-β -rutinoside is a bitter tasting flavonol glycoside that was isolated from flowers of a Clematis cultivar.
At doses of 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg, nicotiflorin administered immediately after the onset of ischemia markedly reduces brain infarct volume and neurological deficits[2]. Nicotiflorin (2.5-10 mg/kg) administered after onset of ischemia markedly reduces brain infarct volume by 24.5-63.2% and neurological deficits[3].
[1] KATARZYNA SZEWCZYK . Phenolic constituents of the aerial parts of Impatiens glandulifera Royle (Balsaminaceae) and their antioxidant activities[J]. Natural Product Research, 2019, 33 19: Pages 2851-2855. DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2018.1499644[2] WEI QU . Kaempferol Derivatives Prevent Oxidative Stress–Induced Cell Death in a DJ-1–Dependent Manner[J]. Journal of pharmacological sciences, 2009, 110 2: Pages 191-200. DOI:
10.1254/jphs.09045fp[3] RUNPING LI . Nicotiflorin reduces cerebral ischemic damage and upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in primarily cultured rat cerebral blood vessel endothelial cells[J]. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2006, 107 1: Pages 143-150. DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2006.04.024
