The bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) proteins interact with acetylated lysine-containing sequences on target proteins via their bromodomains, commonly altering gene transcription. The human BET proteins contain two bromodomains, the first (BD1) being closer to the N-terminus than the second (BD2). RVX-208 is a selective antagonist of BET bromodomains, binding with 10-100-fold higher affinity for BD2 (IC50 = 0.04-0.28 μM) over BD1 (IC50 = 1.8-3.1 μM). RVX-208 causes the selective release of BET proteins from chromatin in cells. It interferes with the BET protein BRD4, resulting in an increased expression of apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 in cells, mice, monkeys, and humans. RVX-208 also reduces atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic ApoE-deficient mice.
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