Because of the relative lack of nematicidal activity
in 1,2-dichloropropane and the desire to eliminate
groundwater contamination by a compound not useful
for nematode control, 1,3-D became a highly successful
nematicide. Although it also has fungicidal activity and
insecticidal activity against wireworms in particular, the
primary use of the compound is as a nematicide. On a
weight basis, 1,3-D is the sixth most abundantly used
pesticide in the United States (11); 1,3-D is classified as
a possible or probable human carcinogen. Commercial
formulations are liquids and contain two isomers. In
one series of experiments, aqueous trans-1,3-D was
60% as toxic as the cis isomer, whereas in the vapor
phase, trans-1,3-D was 90% as toxic as cis-1,3-D (12). In
laboratory experiments simulating field situations, the
trans isomer was completely ineffective against the potato
cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis (13).
3,3-Dichloro-1-propene is a pollutant found in aquatic environments.
Recommended Personal Protective Equipment: An approved full face mask equipped with a fresh black canister meeting specifications of the U.S. Bureau of Mines for organic vapors, a full face self-contained breathing apparatus, or full face air-supplied respirator; Symptoms Following Exposure: Smarting of skin and eyes. Prolonged contact of liquid with skin may cause second-degree burns; General Treatment for Exposure: INHALATION: remove patient to fresh air, keep warm and quiet; call physician immediately; give artificial respiration if breathing has stopped. INGESTION: call physician immediately. Induce vomiting by giving an emetic, e.g., 2 tablespoons table salt in glass of warm water. SKIN OR EYES: immediately remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash skin with soap and plenty of water. For eyes, flush immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 min. Call physician; Toxicity by Inhalation (Threshold Limit Value): Data not available; Short-Term Exposure Limits: Data not available; Toxicity by Ingestion: Grade 3;LD50 = 50 to 500 mg/kg; Late Toxicity: Data not available; Vapor (Gas) Irritant Characteristics: Vapors cause moderate irritation such that personnel will find high concentrations unpleasant. The effect is temporary; Liquid or Solid Irritant Characteristics: Causes smarting of the skin and first degree burns on short exposure and may cause secondary burns on long exposure; Odor Threshold: Data not available.
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
