4-Amino-6-chloro-1--D-ribofuranosylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridine

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Adenosine analog

2-chloro-3-deazaadenosine, a stable analog of adenosine, is an agonist for adenosine receptors [1].adenosine receptors are members of g-protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs). extracellular adenosine acts as a local modulator with a generally cytoprotective function in the body. extracellular adenosine has been implicated in increasing the ratio of oxygen supply to demand, protecting against ischaemic damage by cell conditioning, triggering anti-inflammatory responses and the promotion of angiogenesis [2].

the ki values of 2-chloro-3-deazaadenosine for a1, a2a, a2b, and a3 receptors were 0.3, 0.08, 25.5, and 1.9 μm, respectively [1]. 2-chloroadenosine (25 μm) increased activity of platelet adenylate cyclase to about 150–160% of the control value. higher concentrations of 2-chloroadenosine showed less effect above 100 μm [3].

in the rat with delayed ischaemic damage, iterative focal injections of 2-chloroadenosine protected against selective hippocampal ca1 loss [4].

[1] linden j, thai t, figler h, et al. characterization of human a2b adenosine receptors: radioligand binding, western blotting, and coupling to gqin human embryonic kidney 293 cells and hmc-1 mast cells[j]. molecular pharmacology, 1999, 56(4): 705-713.
[2] jacobson k a, gao z g. adenosine receptors as therapeutic targets[j]. nature reviews drug discovery, 2006, 5(3): 247-264.
[3] haslam r j, lynham j a. activation and inhibition of blood platelet adenylate cyclase by adenosine or by 2-chloroadenosine[j]. life sciences, 1972, 11(23): 1143-1154.
[4] evans m c, swan j h, meldrum b s. an adenosine analogue, 2-chloroadenosine, protects against long term development of ischaemic cell loss in the rat hippocampus[j]. neuroscience letters, 1987, 83(3): 287-292.