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GinsenosideRo

Product NameGinsenosideRo
CAS34367-04-9
MFC48H76O19
MW957.11
EINECS
MOL File34367-04-9.mol

Chemical Properties

Boiling point	1018.6±65.0 °C(Predicted)
Density	1.14
storage temp.	Store at 2-8°C, protect from light
solubility	DMSO : 100 mg/mL (104.48 mM; Need ultrasonic)
form	powder
pka	2.76±0.70(Predicted)
color	White
InChIKey	NFZYDZXHKFHPGA-VTLWOZIONA-N

Safety Information

WGK Germany	WGK 3
HS Code	29389090
Storage Class	11 - Combustible Solids
Hazard Classifications	Acute Tox. 4 Oral

Usage And Synthesis

Description

Ginsenoside Ro is a non-steroid glycoside that has been found in plants of the genus Panax and has anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiviral biological activities. It inhibits LPS-induced release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and COX-2 protein expression in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages when used at a concentration of 200 μM. Ginsenoside Ro dose-dependently inhibits human platelet aggregation induced by thrombin in vitro and thrombin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in rats when administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg. It increases the 20-day survival of Sendai virus-infected mice when administered at a dose of 1 mg per day for three days prior to infection. Topical administration of ginsenoside Ro (0.2 mg per animal) also stimulates hair regrowth after shaving in a mouse model of slowed hair regrowth.

Chemical Properties

White powder, easily soluble in methanol and ethanol, derived from ginseng.

Uses

Ginsenoside Ro (Polysciasaponin P3; Chikusetsusaponin 5; Chikusetsusaponin V) exhibits a Ca2+-antagonistic antiplatelet effect with an IC50 of 155 μM. Ginsenoside Ro reduces the production of TXA2 more than it reduces the activities of COX-1 and TXAS.

Definition

ChEBI: A natural product found in Panax japonicus var. major.

in vivo

Ginsenoside Ro dissolved in water is administrated by gavage to mice at doses of 25 and 250 mg/kg/day for 4 days before i.v. injection of HT29 in order to keep blood concentrations of Ginsenoside Ro above a certain level before HT29 i.v. injection followed by 40 days of oral administration of Ginsenoside Ro to the mice. After 38 days of treatment, the animals are euthanized, and the number of pulmonary metastatic nodules is counted in addition to evaluation of toxicity of Ginsenoside Ro and mouse pathology by HT29. Ginsenoside Ro (250 mg/kg/day) produces a significant decrease in the number of tumor nodules on the lung surface, yielding inhibition rates of 88% (P < 0.01)^[4].

IC 50

TXA₂

References

[1] Kwon HW, et al. Inhibitory Effects of Cytosolic Ca2+ Concentration by Ginsenoside Ro Are Dependent on Phosphorylation of IP3RI and Dephosphorylation of ERK in Human Platelets. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:764906. DOI:10.1155/2015/764906
[2] Jung-HaeShin, et al. Inhibitory effects of thromboxane A2 generation by ginsenoside Ro due to attenuation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 phosphorylation and arachidonic acid release. J Ginseng Res. 9 Jan 2018.
[3] Kim S, et al. Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 by ginsenoside Ro attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in macrophage cells. J Ginseng Res. 2015 Oct;39(4):365-70. DOI:10.1016/j.jgr.2015.03.008
[4] Jiang Z, et al. The traditional Chinese medicine Achyranthes bidentata and our de novo conception of its metastatic chemoprevention: from phytochemistry to pharmacology. Sci Rep. 2017 Jun 20;7(1):3888. DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-02054-y

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