L-GLUTAMIC ACID GAMMA-(P-NITROANILIDE) HYDROCHLORIDE

L-γ-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilide (67953-08-6; GPNA) is a substrate for γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. GPNA is used for the determination of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase hydrolytic activity via spectrophotometric monitoring of p-nitroaniline released by the action of the enzyme on GPNA.1 GPNA has also been shown to be an inhibitor of glutamine uptake – solute-linked carrier family A1 member 5 (SLC1A5).2?Cellular uptake of L-glutamine (regulated by SLC1A5) is a rate-limiting step that activates mTOR and is, thus, an interesting cancer chemotherapy target.3

L-Glutamic acid gamma-(p-nitroanilide) is used in methods of treating cancers having a deregulated NRF2/KEAP1 pathway.

ASCT2

[1] COOPER A J, GRIFFITH O. γ‐Glutamyl Transpeptidase[C]. 2002: 0. DOI:10.1002/0471203076.emm0514
[2] C. SEAN ESSLINGER  Joseph F R  Kimberly A Cybulski. Nγ-Aryl glutamine analogues as probes of the ASCT2 neutral amino acid transporter binding site[J]. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 2005, 13 4: Pages 1111-1118. DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2004.11.028
[3] PAUL NICKLIN. Bidirectional transport of amino acids regulates mTOR and autophagy.[J]. Cell, 2009: 521-534. DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2008.11.044