アセスルファムＫ

外観

白色〜わずかにうすい黄色, 結晶〜結晶性粉末

定義

本品は、含硫複素環式化合物のカリウム塩であり、次の化学式で表される。

溶解性

水に溶ける。

解説

人工甘味料の一。砂糖の200倍の甘さをもつがカロリーはゼロ。アセスルファムK。化学式C4H4KNO4S
小学館 デジタル大辞泉について　情報 | 凡例

用途

アセスルファムK定量用。

用途

甘味料研究用。

化粧品の成分用途

香味剤

効能

甘味料

化学的特性

Acesulfame potassium occurs as a colorless to white-colored, odorless, crystalline powder with an intensely sweet taste.

来歴

Acesulfame-K, the potassium salt of acesulfame, is a sweetener that resembles saccharin in structure and taste profile. 5,6-Dimethyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide, the first of many sweet compounds belonging to the dihydrooxathiazinone dioxide class, was discovered accidentally in 1967. From these many sweet compounds, acesulfame was chosen for commercialization. To improve water solubility, the potassium salt was made. Acesulfame-K (Sunett) was approved for dry product use in the United States in 1988 and in Canada in October, 1994. In 2003, acesulfame-K was approved as a general purposes sweetener by the FDA.

使用

'New generation', heat-stable sweetener that has not been suspected to cause cancer nor be genotoxic. Allelic variation of the Tas1r3 gene affects behavioral taste responses to this molecule, suggesting that it is a T1R3 receptor ligand.

調製方法

Acesulfame potassium is synthesized from acetoacetic acid tertbutyl ester and fluorosulfonyl isocyanate. The resulting compound is transformed to fluorosulfonyl acetoacetic acid amide, which is then cyclized in the presence of potassium hydroxide to form the oxathiazinone dioxide ring system. Because of the strong acidity of this compound, the potassium salt is produced directly.
An alternative synthesis route for acesulfame potassium starts with the reaction between diketene and amidosulfonic acid. In the presence of dehydrating agents, and after neutralization with potassium hydroxide, acesulfame potassium is formed.

brand name

Sunett? and Sweet One?

応用例（製薬）

Acesulfame potassium is used as an intense sweetening agent in cosmetics, foods, beverage products, table-top sweeteners, vitamin and pharmaceutical preparations, including powder mixes, tablets, and liquid products. It is widely used as a sugar substitute in compounded formulations,and as a toothpaste sweetener.
The approximate sweetening power is 180–200 times that of sucrose, similar to aspartame, about one-third as sweet as sucralose, one-half as sweet as sodium saccharin, and about 4-5 times sweeter than sodium cyclamate.It enhances flavor systems and can be used to mask some unpleasant taste characteristics.

安全性プロファイル

When heated to decompositionemits toxic fumes of SOx.

安全性

Acesulfame potassium is widely used in beverages, cosmetics, foods, and pharmaceutical formulations, and is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that acesulfame potassium is not metabolized and is rapidly excreted unchanged in the urine. Long-term feeding studies in rats and dogs showed no evidence to suggest acesulfame potassium is mutagenic or carcinogenic.
The WHO has set an acceptable daily intake for acesulfame potassium of up to 15 mg/kg body-weight.The Scientific Committee for Foods of the European Union has set a daily intake value of up to 9 mg/kg of body-weight.
LD₅₀ (rat, IP): 2.2 g/kg
LD₅₀ (rat, oral): 6.9–8.0 g/kg

貯蔵

Acesulfame potassium possesses good stability. In the bulk form it shows no sign of decomposition at ambient temperature over many years. In aqueous solutions (pH 3.0–3.5 at 208℃) no reduction in sweetness was observed over a period of approximately 2 years. Stability at elevated temperatures is good, although some decomposition was noted following storage at 408℃ for several months. Sterilization and pasteurization do not affect the taste of acesulfame potassium.
The bulk material should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place and protected from light.

規制状況(Regulatory Status)

Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database for oral and sublingual preparations. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients. Accepted for use in Europe as a food additive. It is also accepted for use in certain food products in the USA and several countries in Central and South America, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Australia.