Orantinib (SU6668)

TSU-68 is a inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, platelet-derived growth factor receptor β, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1. The inhibitory effects of TSU-68 towards these growth factors lead to substantial antitumor activity and showed potential in its development in therapeutic uses.

3-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[(E)-(2-oxo-1H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl]-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]propanoic acid is a potent inhibitor of Flk-1/KDR, FGFR1 and PDGFRβ with Ki of 2.1 μM, 1.2 μM, and 8 nM, respectively.

3-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[(E)-(2-oxo-1H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl]-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]propanoic acid is an oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is substituted by a 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrrol-3-yl group. It is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of fibroblast growth facto receptor 1.

ATP-competitive PDGFR, VEGF and FGFR inhibitor (IC 50 values are 0.06, 2.43, 3.04 and > 100 μ M at PDGFR β , VEGFR2, FGFR1 and EGFR respectively). Inhibits proliferation of HUVEC and NIH3T3 cells in vitro (IC 50 values are 0.41, 9.3 and 16.5 μ M for VEGF, FGF and PDGF-stimulated growth respectively) and induces > 75% growth inhibition against a broad range of tumor types in vivo . Exhibits antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimetastatic and proapoptotic activity and is orally active.

biochemical kinetic studies using isolated flk-1, fgf receptor 1, and pdgf receptor β kinases revealed that tsu-68 has competitive inhibitory properties with respect to atp. in cellular systems, tsu-68 inhibited receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and mitogenesis after stimulation of cells by appropriate ligands [1].

oral or i.p. administration of tsu-68 in athymic mice resulted in significant growth inhibition of a diverse panel of human tumor xenografts of glioma, melanoma, lung, colon, ovarian, and epidermoid origin [1].

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[1] laird ad, vajkoczy p, shawver lk et al. su6668 is a potent antiangiogenic and antitumor agent that induces regression of established tumors. cancer res. 2000 aug 1;60(15):4152-60.
[2] okamoto i, yoshioka h, takeda k et al. phase i clinical study of the angiogenesis inhibitor tsu-68 combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. j thorac oncol. 2012 feb;7(2):427-33.