General procedure for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydroxypropyl-trimethylammonium chloride from 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol and trimethylamine: 0.00 g (±)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (0.452 mol), 178.00 g of a 30% aqueous solution of trimethylamine (0.904 mol), and 50 mL of deionized water were added to a 500 mL three-neck flask. Subsequently, the reaction system was warmed to 90 °C and stirred continuously at this temperature for 16 hours to ensure complete reaction of 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol. Upon completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to 20 °C and extracted three times with ethyl acetate (100 mL x 3) to remove organic impurities. The aqueous phase was collected and concentrated to dryness by rotary evaporator to give 70.00 g of white solid product in 91.2% yield and 93.40% purity by HPLC.
[1] Patent: CN108129338, 2018, A. Location in patent: Paragraph 0027; 0029; 0030
[2] Annales de Chimie (Cachan, France), 1879, vol. <5> 17, p. 114
[3] Chemische Berichte, 1869, vol. 2, p. 187
[4] Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1904, vol. 337, p. 102
[5] Chemische Berichte, 1869, vol. 2, p. 187
