トロンボポエチン,ヒト,組換え体

Thrombopoietin is a glycoprotein that primarily regulates thrombopoiesis, that is, platelet production. Produced constitutively in the liver and inductively in the bone marrow to promote the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytes and their progenitors, and maintain hematopoietic stem cells. After the nature of platelets was described by Donne, Addison, Osler, and Bizzozero in the 1800s, Wright reported that the origin of human platelets (thrombocytes) was the bone marrow. The tentative name thrombopoietin (TPO) was proposed for a humoral factor of platelet production, independently by Komiya and by Kelemen. It was not apparent whether TPO activity was identical to in vitro activity defined as a megakaryocyte colony stimulating factor. TPO molecules were finally identified simultaneously by independent research groups. Concurrently, c-Mpl (Mpl) expressing megakaryocytes was confirmed as the TPO receptor.