Aflatoxin refers to a group of highly toxic polynuclear moulds (mycotoxins.) They are designated as B1,B2,G1,G2,M1and M2, and are produced chiefly by fungus Aspergillusflavus, which is a natural contaminant of fruits, vegetables and cereal grains. Aflatoxins are toxic to many animals including fish and birds. The B2and G1 strains are carcinogens.
Aflatoxins fluoresce strongly under UV light. They
are soluble in methanol, acetone and chloroform, but
only slightly soluble in water and hydrocarbon solvents.
Prevention of mould growth is the most effective
protection against aflatoxins. Removal or inactivation is
possible by physical and chemical means (solvent
refining or hand picking). FDA (Food and Drug
Administration) does not allow any aflatoxin content in
foods or feeds, although its presence up to 20 ppb does
not attract penalty.