레바미졸

한글명:레바미졸

카스 번호14769-73-4

상품명:Levamisole

CBNumberCB3335709

분자식C11H12N2S

포뮬러 무게204.29

MOL 파일14769-73-4.mol

동의어(한글)

레바미졸

화학적 성질

녹는점	60-61.5°
알파	D25 -85.1° (c = 10 in chloroform)
끓는 점	344.4±45.0 °C(Predicted)
밀도	1.32±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
저장 조건	Sealed in dry,2-8°C
용해도	클로로포름(약간 용해됨), 메탄올(약간 용해됨)
물리적 상태	고체
물리적 상태	단단한 모양
산도 계수 (pKa)	10.00±0.40(Predicted)
색상	황백색에서 연한 노란색
InChI	InChI=1S/C11H12N2S/c1-2-4-9(5-3-1)10-8-13-6-7-14-11(13)12-10/h1-5,10H,6-8H2/t10-/m1/s1
InChIKey	HLFSDGLLUJUHTE-SNVBAGLBSA-N
SMILES	S1CCN2C[C@H](C3=CC=CC=C3)N=C12
CAS 데이터베이스	14769-73-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA	Levamisole (14769-73-4)

그림문자(GHS)

레바미졸 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

용도
Levamisole is used for initial and secondary immunodeficient conditions, autoimmune diseases, chronic and reoccurring infections, large intestine adenocarcinoma, helmintosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Synonyms of this drug are decaris, tetramizole, and others.
Levimasole is also a drug of choice for ascardiasis. Numerous investigations show that a single dose of levamisole heals from 90 to 100% of patients with ascardiasis, in particular those infected with A. duodenale. It is less effective against ancylostomiasis and strongyloidiasis. However, it is not effective against N. americanus. It seems likely that it has a gangliostimulating effect on parasite tissues in both the parasympathetic and sympathetic regions. Moreover, it is presumed that this drug has an immunomodulatory effect on the host organism. Synonyms of this drug are decaris, solacil, ergamisol, tramisol, immunol, and others.
Indications
Levamisole (Ergamisol) is an antiparasitic drug that has been found to enhance T-cell function and cellular immunity. The drug improves survival of patients with resected colorectal cancers when combined with 5-fluorouracil; the mechanism of this interaction is not known. Levamisole does not have antitumor activity against established or metastatic cancer and has not been found useful in the adjuvant therapy of cancers other than colorectal cancer.
The major adverse effects of levamisole are nausea and anorexia. Skin rashes, itching, flulike symptoms, and fevers also have been observed.
정의
ChEBI: Levamisole is a 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine. It has a role as an antinematodal drug, an antirheumatic drug, an immunomodulator, an immunological adjuvant and an EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor. It is an enantiomer of a dexamisole.
Antimicrobial activity
Its principal activity is against Asc. lumbricoides and hookworms. Worms are paralyzed and passed out in the feces within a few hours.
Pharmaceutical Applications
The l-isomer of tetramisole, available as the monohydrochloride. The d-isomer has no anthelmintic activity. It is very soluble in water and is stable in the dry state.
Mechanism of action
Levamisole has immunomodulating activity. It is believed that it regulates cellular mechanisms of the immune system, and the mechanism of its action may be associated with activation and proliferative growth of T-lymphocytes, increased numbers of monocytes and activation of macrophages, and also with increased activity and hemotaxis of neutrophylic granulocytes. Levamisole also exhibits anthelmint action. It also increases the body’s overall resistivity and restores altered T-lymphocyte and phagocyte function. It can also fulfill an immunomodulatory function by strengthening the weak reaction of cellular immunity, weakening strong reaction, and having no effect on normal reaction.
Pharmacokinetics
Oral absorption: c. 90%
C_max 150 mg oral: 0.5 mg/L after c. 2 h
Plasma half-life: c. 4 h
Volume of distribution: 100–120 L
Levamisole is rapidly absorbed from the gut and extensively metabolized in the liver. It is excreted chiefly in the urine.
Clinical Use
Ascariasis
Hookworm infection
Levamisole has been used in rheumatoid arthritis and some other conditions that are said to respond to its immunomodulatory activity.
부작용
Nausea, gastrointestinal upsets and very mild neurological problems have been reported.

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