아디핀산

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H318：눈에 심한 손상을 일으킴

• 예방조치문구

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

아디핀산 MSDS

• 1,4-Butanedicarboxylic acid

아디핀산 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 물성

  에탄올에는 쉽게 녹으며, 아세톤에 녹고 에테르에는 거의 녹지 않는다. 금속염이 많은 것은 물에 녹는다.

• 용도

  아디 핀산은 밑창, PU 크기, 나일론 66 및 일부 용제의 기본 용액 생산에 사용할 수 있습니다. 의학에서 Adipic Acid는 산성 매체에서의 방출에 영향을주지 않고 기공 형성 제로서 사용될 수 있습니다.

• 용도

  1) 합성 섬유 특히 66-나일론의 제조 원료로서 중요하다. 2) 알키드 수지, 폴리에스테르의 한 성분. 3) 고급 알코올과의 디에스테르는 가소제. 4) 산의 1차 표준 물질로서 알칼리 표준액의 표준 적정에 사용된다.

• 용도

  유화제, 안정제, pH조정제, 향료고정제로 사용된다. 베이킹파우더의 산제, 치즈, 캔디, 젤리의 산미료, 알코올 음료의 향미증진제로 사용된다. 잼, 젤리의 겔 형성을 위한 pH조절제로 사용된다.

• 순도시험

    (1) 비소 : 이 품목을 비소시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 4.0ppm 이하이어야 한다.

    (2) 납 : 이 품목 5.0g을 취하여 원자흡광광도법 또는 유도결합플라즈마발광광도법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 2.0ppm 이하이어야 한다.

    (3) 수은 : 이 품목을 수은시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 1.0ppm 이하이어야 한다.

    (4) 융점 : 이 품목의 융점은 151.5～154.0℃이어야 한다.

• 정량법

    이 품목 1.5g을 정밀히 달아 250mL 공전삼각플라스크에 넣고 끓여 식힌 물 75mL를 넣은 후 0.5N 수산화나트륨용액으로 적정한다(지시약 : 페놀프탈레인시액 2～3방울).

  0.5N 수산화나트륨 용액 1mL ＝ 36.54mg C₆H₁₀O₄

• 개요

  Adipic acid is a crystalline powder with practically no odor. It has the lowest acidity of any of the acids commonly used in foods and has excellent buffering capacity in the range of pH 2.5 to 3.0. Like succinic and fumaric acid, adipic acid is practically nonhygroscopic. Its addition to foods imparts a smooth, tart taste. In grape-flavored products, it adds a lingering supplementary flavor and gives an excellent set to food powders containing gelatin. As a result, adipic acid has found a wide number of uses as an accidulant in dry powdered food mixtures, especially in those products having delicate flavors and where addition of tang to the flavor is undesirable.
  
  Its aqueous solutions have the lowest acidity of any of the common food acids. For concentrations from 0.5 to 2.4 g/100 mL, the pH of its solution varies less than half a unit. Hence, it can be used as a buffering agent to maintain acidities within the range of 2.5 to 3.0. This is highly desirable in certain foods, yet the pH is low enough to inhibit the browning of most fruits and other foodstuffs.

• 화학적 성질

  Adipic acid is the organic compound with the formula (CH₂)₄(COOH)₂. From the industrial perspective, it is the most important dicarboxylic acid: About 2.5 billion kilograms of this white crystalline powder are produced annually, mainly as a precursor for the production of nylon. Adipic acid otherwise rarely occurs in nature.

• 물리적 성질

  Adipic acid is a straight-chain dicarboxylic acid that exists as a white crystalline compound at standard temperature and pressure. Adipic acid is one of the most important industrial chemicals and typically ranks in the top 10 in terms of volume used annually by the chemical industry.

• 출처

  Reported found as a minor constituent in butter, and has been found in other fats as a product of oxidative rancidity. It also occurs in beet juice, pork fat, guava fruit (Psidium guajava L.), papaya (Carica papaya L.) and raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.).

• 용도

  Adipic Acid is primarily used in the synthesis of nylon. It has been used as a reagent in the solid-state polymerization of nylon analogs.

• 정의

  ChEBI: An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,4-dicarboxy derivative of butane.

• 제조 방법

  Adipic acid is produced from a mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone called "KA oil", the abbreviation of "ketone-alcohol oil." The KA oil is oxidized with nitric acid to give adipic acid, via a multistep pathway. Early in the reaction the cyclohexanol is converted to the ketone, releasing nitrous acid:
  HOC₆H₁₁ + HNO₃ → OC₆H₁₀ + HNO₂ + H₂O
  Among its many reactions, the cyclohexanone is nitrosated, setting the stage for the scission of the C- C bond:
  HNO₂ + HNO₃ → NO+NO₃^- + H₂O
  OC₆H₁₀ + NO⁺→ OC₆H₉^-2 - NO + H⁺
  Side products of the method include glutaric and succinic acids.
  Related processes start from cyclohexanol, which is obtained from the hydrogenation of phenol.

• 생산 방법

  Adipic acid is prepared by nitric acid oxidation of cyclohexanol or cyclohexanone or a mixture of the two compounds. Recently, oxidation of cyclohexene with 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide under organic solvent- and halide-free conditions has been proposed as an environmentally friendly alternative for obtaining colorless crystalline adipic acid.

• 화학 반응

  Adipic acid is a dibasic acid (can be deprotonated twice). Its pKa's are 4.41 and 5.41.
  With the carboxylate groups separated by four methylene groups, adipic acid is suited for intramolecular condensation reactions. Upon treatment with barium hydroxide at elevated temperatures, it undergoes ketonization to give cyclopentanone.

• 일반 설명

  Adipic acid is a white crystalline solid. Adipic acid is insoluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Adipic acid is used to make plastics and foams and for other uses.

• 공기와 물의 반응

  Dust may form explosive mixture with air [USCG, 1999]. Insoluble in water.

• 건강위험

  Exposures to adipic acid cause pain, redness of the skin and eyes, tearing or lacrimation. Adipic acid has been reported as a non-toxic chemical. Excessive concentrations of adipic acid dust are known to cause moderate eye irritation, irritation to the skin, and dermatitis.It may be harmful if swallowed or inhaled. It causes respiratory tract irritation with symptoms of coughing, sneezing, and blood-tinged mucous.

• Pharmaceutical Applications

  Adipic acid is used as an acidifying and buffering agent in intramuscular, intravenous and vaginal formulations. It is also used in food products as a leavening, pH-controlling, or flavoring agent.
  Adipic acid has been incorporated into controlled-release formulation matrix tablets to obtain pH-independent release for both weakly basicand weakly acidic drugs.It has also been incorporated into the polymeric coating of hydrophilic monolithic systems to modulate the intragel pH, resulting in zero-order release of a hydrophilic drug.The disintegration at intestinal pH of the enteric polymer shellac has been reported to improve when adipic acid was used as a pore-forming agent without affecting release in the acidic media.Other controlled-release formulations have included adipic acid with the intention of obtaining a late-burst release profile.

• Safety Profile

  Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by other routes. A severe eye irritant. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidzing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.

• Safety

  Adipic acid is used in pharmaceutical formulations and food products. The pure form of adipic acid is toxic by the IP route, and moderately toxic by other routes. It is a severe eye irritant, and may cause occupational asthma.
  LD₅₀ (mouse, IP): 0.28 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (mouse, IV): 0.68 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (mouse, oral): 1.9 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (rat, IP): 0.28 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (rat, oral): >11 g/kg

• 잠재적 노출

  Workers in manufacture of nylon, plasticizers, urethanes, adhesives, and food additives

• 저장

  Adipic acid is normally stable but decomposes above boiling point. It should be stored in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place, and should be kept away from heat, sparks, and open flame.

• 운송 방법

  UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required

• Purification Methods

  For use as a volumetric standard, adipic acid is crystallised once from hot water with the addition of a little animal charcoal, dried at 120o for 2hours, then recrystallised from acetone and again dried at 120o for 2hours. Other purification procedures include crystallisation from ethyl acetate and from acetone/petroleum ether, fusion followed by filtration and crystallisation from the melt, and preliminary distillation under vacuum. [Beilstein 2 IV 1956.]

• 비 호환성

  Adipic acid is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents as well as strong bases and reducing agents. Contact with alcohols, glycols, aldehydes, epoxides, or other polymerizing compounds can result in violent reactions.

• 폐기물 처리

  Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed

• 주의 사항

  Occupational workers should avoid contact of the adipic acid with the eyes, avoid breathing dust, and keep the container closed. Workers should use adipic acid only with adequate ventilation. Workers should wash thoroughly after handling adipic acid and keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Also, workers should use rubber gloves and laboratory coats, aprons, or coveralls, and avoid creating a dust cloud when handling, transferring, and cleaning up.

• Regulatory Status

  GRAS listed. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IM, IV, and vaginal preparations). Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in an oral pastille formulation available in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.

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