ガランタミン

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Danger

• 危険有害性情報

  H315：皮膚刺激

  H317：アレルギー性皮膚反応を起こすおそれ

  H319：強い眼刺激

  H373：長期にわたる、または反復暴露により臓器の障 害のおそれ

  H410：長期的影響により水生生物に非常に強い毒性

• 注意書き

  P260：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーを吸入しないこ と。

  P261：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーの吸入を避ける こと。

  P264：取扱い後は皮膚をよく洗うこと。

  P264：取扱い後は手や顔をよく洗うこと。

  P272：汚染された作業衣は作業場から出さないこと。

  P273：環境への放出を避けること。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P302+P352：皮膚に付着した場合：多量の水と石鹸で洗うこと。

  P305+P351+P338：眼に入った場合：水で数分間注意深く洗うこと。次にコ ンタクトレンズを着用していて容易に外せる場合は外す こと。その後も洗浄を続けること。

  P314：気分が悪い時は、医師の診断/手当てを受けること。

  P321：特別な処置が必要である（このラベルの．．． を見よ）。

  P332+P313：皮膚刺激が生じた場合：医師の診断/手当てを受けるこ と。

  P333+P313：皮膚刺激または発疹が生じた場合：医師の診断/手当てを 受けること。

  P362：汚染された衣類を脱ぎ、再使用す場合には洗濯をすること。

  P363：汚染された衣類を再使用す場合には洗濯をすること。

  P391：漏出物を回収すること。

  P501：内容物/容器を．．．に廃棄すること。

ガランタミン 価格

ガランタミン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 解説

  ガランタミン,無色の柱状晶．融点127～129 ℃．[α]²⁰_D－119°(エタノール)．抗コリンエステラーゼ作用を有し，臭化水素酸塩は小児麻ひの後遺症に有効である．

  森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
  

• 用途

  AChE阻害薬アルツハイマー型認知症治療薬。中枢性可逆的アセチルコリンエステラーゼ（AChE）阻害薬として実用化された。認知症状の改善作用をもつ。

• 存在

  ガランタミン,ヒガンバナ科ヒガンバナLycoris radiata，ナツズイセンL.squamigera，マツユキソウGalanthus woronowiiなどに含まれるヒガンバナアルカロイドの一つ．

• 効能

  認知症治療薬, アセチルコリンエステラーゼ阻害薬

• 説明

  Galantamine is an Amaryllidaceae alkaloid which is first obtained from the plant of snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis), and nowadays, it’s extracted from the plants of Narcissus and Galanthus species or obtained from chemosynthesis. In many areas in Europe such as Bulgaria, eastern Turkey, and the Caucasus, the plants of Galanthus are native species. But its earliest pharmaceutical applications are seldom known. Plaitakis and Duvoisin hypothesized that “moly” in ancient Homer’s epic might be snowdrops. In Homer’s epic Odyssey, “moly” was used as an antidote by Odysseus against Circe’s poisonous drugs. To be used as an antidote may be the plants of Galanthus’ oldest medicinal records. But there is not much evidence for that. There is little evidence of the traditional application of the plants of Galanthus, and it is certain that until the Second World War, the plants of Galanthus and other genera of Amaryllidaceae were not frequently used in European drugs
  Italian scholar Iannello studied Pancratium illyricum L., an Amaryllidaceae species endemic to Sardinia, and isolated a new galantamine-type alkaloid in its leaves. This new galantamine-type compound exhibited a pronounced in?vitro AChE inhibitory activity (IC50? =? 3.5±1.1? μM) in comparison with the reference standard galantamine hydrobromide (IC50?=?1.5±0.2?μM)

• 化学的特性

  Off-White Solid

• 物理的性質

  Hydrobromide of galantamine can be used as drug although galantamine can’t be used as drugs
  Appearance: an almost white powder. Solubility: soluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol; and insoluble in acetone, trichloromethane, and diethyl ether. Melting point: 269–270?°C. Specific optical rotation: ?90 to ?100°.

• 天然物の起源

  Galanthamine is a bulb plant found throughout the world.

• 来歴

  In the early 1950s, Soviet Union’s scientists started modern medicine research of galantamine. In 1951, the Soviet Union’s pharmacologist Mashkovsky and Kruglikova-Lvova firstly proved its AChE-inhibiting properties, which was published in the paper. In 1957, the Bulgarian pharmacologist Paskov et?al. found that the plants of Galanthus were the richest sources of galantamine, which opened a way for its commercial development by the company Sopharma in Bulgaria. Galantamine hydrobromide was launched into market under the trade name Nivalin. Initially, Nivalin was used in anesthesia to antagonize the effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, and since then, it was rapidly introduced in other areas of medicine
  Galantamine hydrobromide was launched into market for the indication of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease firstly in 1995, developed by Sanochemia Pharmaceuticals. In the United States, galantamine hydrobromide was developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals, a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson, and was listed under the trade name Razadyne in 2001. So far, galantamine hydrobromide has been marketed in more than 20 countries and regions, such as the United States, Europe, and Japan.

• 使用

  A selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Useful for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

• 適応症

  Its formulation includes capsule, tablet, and oral solution. It is used in the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia in Alzheimer’s disease.

• 定義

  ChEBI: A natural product found in Crinum asiaticum var. sinicum.

• 一般的な説明

  Galantamine, 4a,5,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-3-methoxy-11-methyl-6H-benzofuro-[3a,3,2,ef][2]-benzazepin-6-ol (Nivalin, Reminyl), is an alkaloid extractedfrom the tuberous plant Leucojum aestivum (L.) belongingto the Amaryllidaceae family and from the bulbs of thedaffodil, Narcissus pseudonarcissus. It is a reversiblecholinesterase inhibitor that appears to have no effect on butyrylcholinesterase.In addition, it acts at allosteric nicotinicsites, further enhancing its cholinergic activity. Galantamineundergoes slow and minor biotransformation with approximately5% to 6% undergoing demethylation. It is primarilyexcreted in the urine.

• 臨床応用

  Before the 1990s, galantamine was mainly used to treat poliomyelitis sequelae, muscle atrophy, postoperative intestinal muscle paralysis, urinary retention, and myasthenia gravis. In the 1990s, it was found that galantamine had improved memory impairment in mice, suggesting that it might be effective for central cholinergic disorders in Alzheimer’s disease
  In a 3–6?months’ well-designed clinical trial, recipients of galantamine achieved significant improvements in cognitive symptoms compared to placebo recipients. Galantamine also improved activities of daily living in these patients and significantly reduced the requirement for caregiver assistance with activities of daily living. Clinical development of new indications of galanthamine is currently underway, such as smoking cessation and improving cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and mania.

ガランタミン 上流と下流の製品情報

ガランタミン 生産企業

Global(310)Suppliers

ガランタミン スペクトルデータ(¹HNMR)

357-70-0, ガランタミン キーワード