銅(I)クロリド

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Danger

• 危険有害性情報

  H302：飲み込むと有害

  H315：皮膚刺激

  H318：重篤な眼の損傷

  H410：長期的影響により水生生物に非常に強い毒性

• 注意書き

  P264：取扱い後は皮膚をよく洗うこと。

  P264：取扱い後は手や顔をよく洗うこと。

  P273：環境への放出を避けること。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P301+P312：飲み込んだ場合：気分が悪い時は医師に連絡する こと。

  P302+P352：皮膚に付着した場合：多量の水と石鹸で洗うこと。

  P305+P351+P338：眼に入った場合：水で数分間注意深く洗うこと。次にコ ンタクトレンズを着用していて容易に外せる場合は外す こと。その後も洗浄を続けること。

銅(I)クロリド 価格

銅(I)クロリド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 外観

  白色～わずかにうすい緑色, 結晶性粉末

• 溶解性

  水及びエタノールにやや溶けにくい。塩酸及びアンモニア水に溶ける。

• 解説

  １ 塩化銅（Ⅰ）。硫酸銅（Ⅱ）と塩化ナトリウムの混合水溶液に二酸化硫黄などを作用させて還元して作る、無色の結晶。水・エタノールに溶けにくい。化学試薬に使用。化学式CuCl　塩化第一銅。２ 塩化銅（Ⅱ）。銅片を王水に溶かし真空中で加熱脱水して作る、黄色の吸湿性結晶。消毒剤や木材の保存剤に使用。化学式CuCl2　塩化第二銅。
  小学館 デジタル大辞泉について　情報 | 凡例

• 用途

  塩化銅(I)は様々な有機化学反応の触媒として非常によく用いられる。他の「ソフトな」ルイス酸と比較すると、塩化銀(I)や塩化パラジウム(II)は比較的無毒であるが塩化銅(I)の方が安価であり、塩化鉛(II)や塩化水銀(II)より毒性が低いという特徴をもつ。また銅の価数を2価や3価に調節可能であり、酸化還元を伴う反応において触媒サイクル中に組み込まれやすい。これらの特徴のため塩化銅(I)をはじめとする1価の銅塩は有用な反応試剤となり得る。

• 用途

  有機合成触媒、治金用

• 使用上の注意

  アルゴン封入

• 化学的特性

  white or pale grey powder

• 物理的性質

  White cubic crystal which turns blue when heated at 178°C; density 4.14 g/cm3; the mineral nantokite (CuCl) has density 4.14 g/cm3, hardness 2.5 (Mohs), refractive index 1.930; melts at 430°C becoming a deep, green liquid; vaporizes around 1,400°C; vapor pressure 5 torr at 645°C and 400 torr at 1250°C; low solubility in water (decomposes partially); Ksp 1.72x10-7; insoluble in ethanol and acetone; soluble in concentrated HCl and ammonium hydroxide.The space lattice of CuCl belongs to the cubic system, and its zinc-blende structure has a lattice constant of a=0.541 nm and Cu–Cl=0.235 nm below 407°C, and it belongs to the hexagonal system and has a wurtzite structure at 407°C–422°C.
  The reflection peaks at room temperature are positioned at λ: 58 and 65.4 mm. The transmission peak is located at λ: 18.5 mm. The absorption spectrum near the absorption edge λ: 370.0 nm at liquid He temperature shows many structures because of exciton absorption.

• 使用

  Copper(I) chloride (CuCl) or cuprous chloride is a white powder used as an absorbing agent for carbon dioxide gas in enclosed breathing areas such as space vehicles.

• 定義

  ChEBI: An inorganic chloride of copper in which the metal is in the +1 oxidation state.

• 製造方法

  Copper(I) chloride is prepared by reduction of copper(II) chloride in solution: 2CuCl2 + H2 2CuCl + 2HCl Alternatively, it can be prepared by boiling an acidic solution of copper(II) chloride with copper metal, which on dilution yields white CuCl: Cu + CuCl2 2CuCl Copper(I) chloride dissolved in concentrated HCl absorbs carbon monoxide under pressure forming an adduct, CuCl(CO). The complex decomposes on heating releasing CO. Copper(I) chloride is slightly soluble in water. However, in the presence of Cl- ion, it forms soluble complexes of discrete halogeno anions such as, CuCl2-, CuCl3 2-, and CuCl4 3-. Formation of complexes and organocopper derivatives as outlined below are not confined only to copper(I) chloride, but typify Cu+ in general. Reaction with ethylenediamine (en) in aqueous potassium chloride solution forms Cu(II)-ethylenediamine complex, while Cu+ ion is reduced to its metallic state: 2CuCl + 2en → [Cuen2]2+ + 2Cl- + Cu° It dissolves in acetonitrile, CH3CN forming tetrahedral complex ion [Cu(CH3CN)4]+ which can be precipitated with large anions such as ClO4 - or PF6- . Reactions with alkoxides of alkali metals produce yellow copper(I) alkoxides. For example, reaction with sodium ethoxide yield copper(I) ethoxide, a yellow compound that can be sublimed from the product mixture: CuCl + NaOC2H5 → CuOC2H5 + NaCl Copper(I) chloride forms complexes with ethylene and other alkenes in solutions that may have compositions such as [Cu(C2H4)(H2O)2]+ or [Cu(C2H4)(bipy)]+. (bipy = bipyridyl) Reactions with lithium or Grignard reagent yield alkyl or aryl copper(I) derivatives, respectively. Such organocopper compounds containing Cu-Cu bonds are formed only by Cu+ and not Cu2+ ions.

• 一般的な説明

  The structure of copper(I) chloride is similar to zinc-blende crystal at room temperature; the structure is wurtzite at 407 °C and at higher temperatures it forms copper(I) chloride vapor as per mass spectroscopy.

• 危険性

  Copper(I) chloride is moderately toxic by ingestion and possibly other routes of entry into the body. The oral LD⁵⁰ in mouse is reported to be 347 mg/kg; and subcutaneous LD⁵⁰ in guinea pigs is 100 mg/kg.

• 輸送方法

  UN2802 Copper chloride, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.

• 純化方法

  Wash the solid with ethanol and diethyl ether, then dry it and store it in a vacuum desiccator [.sterl.f Acta Chem Scand 4 375 1950]. Alternatively, to an aqueous solution of CuCl2.2H2O is added, with stirring, an aqueous solution of anhydrous sodium sulfite. The colourless product is dried at 80o for 30minutes and stored under N2. Cu2Cl2 can be purified by zone-refining [Hall et al. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 79 343 1983]. [Glemser & Sauer in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1005 1965.]

• 不和合性

  Contact with strong acids forms monovalent copper salts and toxic hydrogen chloride gas. Forms shock-sensitive and explosive compounds with potassium, sodium, sodium hypobromite, nitromethane, acetylene. Keep away from moisture and alkali metals. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Reacts with moist air to form cupric chloride dihydrate. May attack some metals, paints, and coatings. May be able to ignite combustible materials.

• 参考文献

  S. Hull, D.A. Keen, Phys. Rev., B: Condensed Matter, 50, 5868 (1994), DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.5868.

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