ホウ酸

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Danger

• 注意書き

  P201：使用前に取扱説明書を入手すること。

  P202：全ての安全注意を読み理解するまで取り扱わないこ と。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P308+P313：暴露または暴露の懸念がある場合：医師の診断/手当てを 受けること。

  P405：施錠して保管すること。

  P501：内容物/容器を．．．に廃棄すること。

ホウ酸 価格

MSDS Information

• Orthoboric acid

ホウ酸 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 外観

  無色澄明の液体

• 溶解性

  水及びエタノールにやや溶けやすい。

• 用途

  調製液製造原料、無機合成(ほう酸塩製造)原料、ガラス原料、写真薬、殺虫剤。

• 用途

  殺生物剤、セラミック、ゴム、難燃剤

• 用途

  硝子、顔料

• 用途

  緩衝液調製用(アミノ酸分析、蛍光分析）。

• 用途

  汎用試薬、調製液製造原料。

• 用途

  ガラス?ホウロウ原料、医薬、ニッケルメッキ添加剤、防火剤、防腐剤、写真薬

• 効能

  眼科用消毒薬

• 特徴

  平面三角形のBO3が水素結合で二次元網面を形成．B－O 136 pm，O－H 97 pm，O－H…O 272 pm

  

• 展望

  ほう酸およびその化合物の応用範囲は今後も拡大が期待されています特にエネルギー貯蔵材料や半導体技術の分野での新たな応用が研究されておりこれらの進展によってほう酸の利用価値はさらに高まることが予想されますまたほう酸の生物学的利用に関する研究も活発に行われており病害虫管理や植物成長促進剤としての新しい使用法が開発されつつあります

• 商品名

  ホウ酸 (中北薬品); ホウ酸 (丸石製薬); ホウ酸 (健栄製薬); ホウ酸 (司生堂製薬); ホウ酸 (吉田製薬); ホウ酸 (山善製薬); ホウ酸 (恵美須薬品化工); ホウ酸 (日医工); ホウ酸 (日医工); ホウ酸 (日興製薬); ホウ酸 (東海製薬)

• 化学的特性

  ほう酸とはホウ素の化合物で化学式はBOH3と表されます無色で結晶性の固体であり水に溶けやすい特性を持っています自然界では火山地帯や温泉などで見られ工業的には洗剤防腐剤または防火材料として広く利用されていますほう酸はその独特の化学的性質により多岐にわたる産業で重宝されているのです

• 説明

  Boric acid is a monobasic acid that exhibits extremely weak acidity (Ka = 5.8 × 10⁻¹⁰), similar to silicic acid (K₁ = 2 × 10⁻¹⁰). Upon ionisation in water, it does not donate protons directly but instead forms a complex with hydroxide ions present in the solution:H₃BO₃ + 2H₂O → H₃O⁺ + B(OH)₄⁻
  This behaviour is related to the electron-deficient nature characteristic of boron compounds. In boric acid, the boron atom acts as an electron pair acceptor by bonding with a hydroxide ion, where the oxygen atom serves as the electron pair donor. Thus, boric acid is considered a typical Lewis acid.
  When glycerol or mannitol [CH₂(OH)(CHOH)₄CH₂OH] is added to a boric acid solution, its acidity increases. This is because boric acid forms a coordination complex (anion) with glycerol, which facilitates the release of H⁺ ions, thereby enhancing ionisation.
  
  In the crystal structure of boric acid, the fundamental unit is the planar triangular BO₃ group. Each boron atom undergoes sp² hybridisation, and each oxygen atom forms a covalent bond with a boron atom, while also interacting with two hydrogen atoms through covalent and hydrogen bonding. These interactions give rise to layered, sheet-like macromolecular structures. Upon heating, the weak hydrogen bonds are disrupted, leading to disintegration of the macromolecular sheets and an increase in solubility.

• 化学的特性

  Boric acid, also known as orthoboric acid, appears as white crystalline powder or as lustrous, lamellar crystals with triclinic axes. It possesses a faintly bitter taste and imparts a slippery sensation upon skin contact. Odourless, it dissolves in water, ethanol, glycerol, ethers, and essential oils. Its aqueous solution exhibits weak acidity. Upon heating to 70–100°C, orthoboric acid gradually dehydrates to form metaboric acid; at 150–160°C it becomes pyroboric acid; and at 300°C it decomposes into boric anhydride (B₂O₃). Boric acid is toxic to humans. Its weakly acidic aqueous solution exhibits typical Lewis acid properties. The presence of hydrochloric acid, citric acid, or tartaric acid enhances its solubility in water.
  
  Boric acid has uses in the production of textile fiberglass, flat panel displays, and eye drops. Boric acid is recognized for its application as a pH buffer and as a moderate antiseptic agent and emulsifier.

• 物理的性質

  Colorless, transparent triclinic crystal or white granule or powder; density 1.435 g/cm³; melts at 171°C under normal heating; however, slow heating causes loss of water; sparingly soluble in cold water (4.7% at 20°C); pH of 0.1M solution 5.1; readily dissolves in hot water (19.1% at 80°C and 27.5% at 100°C); also soluble in lower alcohols and moderately soluble in pyridine.

• 来歴

  The discovery and utilization of borax dates back to ancient Egypt, where it was used as a flux in glass production. The chemical composition of boric acid remained an enigma until the early 19th century, when it was first employed by alchemists.
  
  In 1702, the French physician Homberg first reacted borax (Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O) with sulfuric acid to produce boric acid, naming it "salsedativum"(sedative salt). This reaction laid the foundation for the early production of boric acid.
  In 1741, the French chemist Pott further investigated the reaction and discovered that it also produced sodium sulfate, revealing the double displacement nature of borax's reaction with acids.

• 主な応用

  For weatherproofing wood and fireproofing fabrics; as a preservative; manufacture of cements, crockery, porcelain, enamels, glass, borates, leather, carpets, hats, soaps, artificial gems; in nickeling baths; cosmetics; printing and dyeing, painting; photography; for impregnating wicks; electric condensers; hardening steel. Also used as insecticide for cockroaches and black carpet beetles.

• 製造方法

  Boric acid is produced from borax, colemanite, or other inorganic borates by reaction with sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, and cooling the solution to proper temperature:
  Na₂B₄O₇ 10Η₂Ο + H₂SO₄ → 4H₃BO₃ + Na₂SO₄ + 5H₂O
  It also may be prepared by extraction of weak borax brine with a kerosene solution of an aromatic diol, such as 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol or 3-chloro- 2-hydroxy-5-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)benzyl alcohol. The diol-borate chelate formed separates into a kerosene phase. Treatment with sulfuric acid yields boric acid which partitions into aqueous phase and is purified by recrystallization.

• 調製方法

  Boric acid occurs naturally as the mineral sassolite. However, the majority of boric acid is produced by reacting inorganic borates with sulfuric acid in an aqueous medium. Sodium borate and partially refined calcium borate (colemanite) are the principal raw materials. When boric acid is made from colemanite, the fineground ore is vigorously stirred with mother liquor and sulfuric acid at about 908℃. The by-product calcium sulfate is removed by filtration, and the boric acid is crystallized by cooling the filtrate.

• 安全性

  ほう酸の取り扱いには注意が必要です適切な濃度で使用した場合人間や動物に対する毒性は低いとされていますが高濃度での接触や摂取は健康への悪影響を及ぼす可能性があります特に乳幼児や小さな子どもがいる環境ではほう酸を含む製品の使用には慎重を期す必要があります環境面ではほう酸は自然界に広く分布しているため一般的な使用量では大きな影響は見られないものの大量に排出された場合には水質汚染の原因となることがあります

• 世界保健機関（WHO）

  Boric acid and some borates were formerly extensively used as disinfectants and antiinflammatory agents. By the late 1960s an association between the death of many infants and application of high concentrations of boric acid contained in topical preparations used in the treatment of napkin rash had been established. This led to the restriction of the use of boric acid in pharmaceutical preparations by many regulatory authorities. In some countries it is now permitted only as an ingredient in ophthalmological preparations.

• 一般的な説明

  Boric acid is a weak monobasic acid, it accepts OH^- ions, hence is a Lewis acid. In boric acid, B is sp² hybridized, forming a planar triangle structure. The principal oxide of boron, B₂O₃, is obtained as a vitreous solid by dehydration of boric acid at red heat.

• 危険性

  Toxic via ingestion. Use only weak solu- tions. Irritant to skin in dry form.

• 化学性质

  ほう酸は弱い酸性を示し水溶液中ではほう酸イオンH2BO3–を生成しますまたその融点は約170℃と比較的低く加熱することによって脱水しメタほう酸HBO2や高ほう酸H2B4O7といった他の化合物に変化しますこの性質はほう酸を工業的に加工する過程で重要な役割を果たします

• 応用例（製薬）

  Boric acid is used as an antimicrobial preservative in eye drops, cosmetic products, ointments, and topical creams. It is also used as an antimicrobial preservative in foods.
  Boric acid and borate have good buffering capacity and are used to control pH; they have been used for this purpose in external preparations such as eye drops.
  Boric acid has also been used therapeutically in the form of suppositories to treat yeast infections. In dilute concentrations it is used as a mild antiseptic, with weak bacteriostatic and fungistatic properties, although it has generally been superseded by more effective and less toxic disinfectants.

• 職業ばく露

  Boric acid is a fireproofing agent for wood; a preservative, and an antiseptic. It is used in the manufacture of glass, pottery, enamels, glazes, cosmetics, cements, porcelain, borates, leather, carpets, hats, soaps; artificial gems; in tanning leather; printing, dyeing, painting, and photography.

• 貯蔵

  Boric acid is hygroscopic and should therefore be stored in an airtight, sealed container. The container must be labeled ‘Not for Internal Use’.

• 輸送方法

  UN 3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9—Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.

• 純化方法

  Crystallise the acid three times from H2O (3mL/g) between 100o and 0o, after filtering through sintered glass.Dry it to constant weight over metaboric acid in a desiccator. It is steam volatile. After two recrystallisations of ACS grade. it had Ag at 0.2 ppm. Its solubility (%) in H2O is 2.66 at 0o, 4.0 at 12o and 24 at 80o. At 100o it loses H2O to form metaboric acid (HBO2). When it is heated to redness or slowly to 200o, or over P2O5 in vacuo, it dehydrates to boric anhydride (B2O3) [1303-82-6] to give a white hard glass or crystals with m ~294o.The glass softens on heating and liquefies at red heat. It is an astringent, a fungicide and an antibacterial. [McCulloch J Am Chem Soc 59 2650 1937, Kelly J Am Chem Soc 63 1137 1941, Taylor & Cole J Chem Soc 70 1926, Conti J Soc Chem Ind 44 343T 1925.]

• 不和合性

  Boric acid is incompatible with strong reducing agents including alkali metals and metal hydrides (may generate explosive hydrogen gas); acetic anhydride, alkali carbonates, and hydroxides. Violent reaction with powdered potassium metal, especially if impacted. Attacks iron in the presence of moisture. It also forms a complex with glycerin, which is a stronger acid than boric acid.

• 廃棄物の処理

  Boric acids may be recovered from organic process wastes as an alternative to disposal.

• 規制状況(Regulatory Status)

  Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IV injections; ophthalmic preparations; (auricular) otic solutions; topical preparations). Reported in the EPA TSCA Inventory. In the UK, the use of boric acid in cosmetics and toiletries is restricted. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.

• 参考文献

  W.H. Zachariasen, Acta Crystallogr., 7, 305 (1954), DOI: 10.1107/S0365110X54000886.

• 参考文献

  [1] http://npic.orst.edu
  [2] https://www.polyu.edu.hk
  [3] Zenat A. Nagieb, Mona A. Nassar, Magda G. El-Meligy (2011) Effect of Addition of Boric Acid and Borax on Fire-Retardant and Mechanical Properties of Urea Formaldehyde Saw Dust Composites, International Journal of Carbonhydrate Chemistry, 2011, 146763 DOI:10.1155/2011/146763.
  [4] http://www.boricacid.net.au/uses-of-boric-acid

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