レントゲニウム

レントゲニウム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 解説

  レントゲニウム，周期表第11族に属する人工元素で超フェルミウム元素の一つ。原子番号111の元素。元素記号Rg。名称はX線の発見者であるドイツのレントゲンにちなむ。1994年、ドイツのダルムシュタット重イオン研究所のホフマンSigurd Hofmann（1944―　）と共同研究者らはビスマス209（209Bi）にニッケル64（64Ni）を衝突させてレントゲニウム273（273Rg）を得た。

• 物理的性質

  Not much is known about element 111, but it is assumed that it is a solid metal that hassome of the properties of its homologues, gold and silver, located just above it in group 1 (IB)in the periodic table. The reaction that produces unununium is as follows:
  Bi-209 + Ni-64 + neutrons = Uuu-272 + alpha decay particles.
  Only a few atoms of Rg-272 have been produced. Its most stable isotope is Rg-280, with ahalf-life of 3.6 seconds.

• 同位体

  There are three isotopes of Uuu (R?entgenium). They are Rg-272 (half-life of1.5 milliseconds), Rg-279 (half-life of 170 milliseconds), and Rg 280 (half-life of 3.2seconds), the latter of which is r?entgenium’s most stable isotope. All of its isotopes aresynthetic and unstable.

• 名前の由来

  Named in honor of the scientist Wilhelm Konrad R?entgen.

• 来歴

  On December 20, 1994, scientists at GSI Darmstadt, Germany announced they had detected three atoms of a new element with 111 protons and 161 neutrons. This element was made by bombarding ⁸³Bi with ²⁸Ni. Signals of Element 111 appeared for less than 0.002 s, then decayed into lighter elements including Element ²⁶⁸109 and Element ²⁶⁴107. These isotopes had not previously been observed. In 2004 IUPAC approved the name roentgenium for Element 111. Roentgenium is expected to have properties similar to gold.

• 使用

  None, except for research purposes.

• 定義

  roentgenium: Symbol Rg. A radioactivetransactinide; a.n. 111. It wasmade by fusion of ²⁰⁹Bi with ⁶⁴Ni.Only a few atoms have been detected.

• 危険性

  Unununium (r?entgenium) is not a public radiation hazard given that only a few atomshave been produced synthetically in nuclear laboratories and they do not exist over long periodsof time.

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