臭化ナトリウム

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Warning

• 危険有害性情報

  H315：皮膚刺激

  H319：強い眼刺激

  H335：呼吸器への刺激のおそれ

• 注意書き

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P302+P352：皮膚に付着した場合：多量の水と石鹸で洗うこと。

臭化ナトリウム 価格

MSDS Information

• Sodium bromide

臭化ナトリウム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 外観

  白色の結晶性粉末

• 溶解性

  水に易溶。メタノール、エタノールに可溶。水に溶けやすく、エタノールにやや溶けやすい。

• 解説

  臭化ナトリウム，シュウカナトリウム．シュウ酸ナトリウム水溶液に臭素を作用させて濃縮すると得られる．工業的には，臭化カリウムと同様の方法でつくる．水溶液からは二水和物が析出する．二水和物は無色の単斜晶系結晶．密度2.17 g cm－3．融点50.7 ℃ で水和水に溶ける．水素気流中で加熱脱水して無水物となる．水に易溶，エタノールに可溶．無水物は無色の等軸晶系結晶．岩塩型構造．格子定数a ＝ 0.5961 nm．融点755 ℃，沸点1390 ℃．密度3.20 g cm－3．吸湿性で，水に易溶，エタノールに微溶．医薬品(鎮静剤)，臭化物の製造，写真用剤，人工海水成分などに用いられる．

• 用途

  高純度金属化合物。

• 用途

  合成用、写真用、医薬品原料。

• 用途

  有機塩素化合物を有機臭素化合物誘導体に転化する求核剤として、有機合成で広く使われる。

• 用途

  写真用薬品、医薬品原料

• 用途

  19世紀後期から20世紀初頭にかけて鎮静剤、抗てんかん薬として広く使われた。

• 効能

  抗けいれん薬, 催眠鎮静薬

• 商品名

  臭化ナトリウム (山善製薬)

• 使用上の注意

  吸湿性がある。

• 化学的特性

  Sodiumbromide, NaBr,is a white, hygroscopic, crystalline solid with a bitter, saline taste.It is water soluble,with a melting point of 758°C (1400 OF). Sodium bromide is used in medicine as a sedative and in photography in the preparation of silver bromide emulsion on photographic plates or films.

• 物理的性質

  White crystalline powder or granules; saline and slight bitter taste; cubic structure; density 3.20 g/cm³; melts at 747° C; vaporizes at 1,390°C; vapor pressure 1 torr at 806°C and 5 torr at 903°; highly soluble in methanol, 16.7 g/100mL.
  The dihydrate is a white crystalline solid; density 2.18 g/cm³; decomposes at 36°C; soluble in water; sparingly soluble in methanol.

• 天然物の起源

  Sodium bromide occurs in seawater at an average concentration of 0.008%. It also is found naturally in some salt deposits. It is used in photography for preparing light-sensitive silver bromide emulsions. The salt also is used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent for water treatement in swimming pools, health spas, and hot tubs. Other uses are as a catalyst for partial oxidation of hydrocarbons, for increasing density of aqueous drillng fluids for oil wells, as an electrolyte component in sodium-halogen batteries, as a brominating agent in organic synthesis, in preparing bromide salts, and as a laboratory reagent. Sodium bromide is used in medicine as a sedative and hypnotic.

• 使用

  Sodium Bromide is a high-tonnage chemical and one of the most important of the bromide salts (NaBr2). High-purity grades are required in the formulation of silver bromide emulsions for photography. The compound, usually in combination with hypochlorites, is used as a bleach, notably for cellulosics. The production of sodium bromide simply involves the neutralization of HBr with NaOH or with sodium carbonate or bicarbonate.

• 製造方法

  Sodium bromide can be prepared by several methods. Pure salt can be made by neutralizing sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate with hydrobromic acid. The solution is evaporated for crystallization:NaOH + HBr → NaBr + H₂O NaCO₃ + HBr → NaBr + CO₂ + H₂O
  Sodium bromide can be made by passing bromine through an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or carbonate in the presence of a reducing agent, such as ammonia, hydrazine, activated charcoal, or Fe₂₊ ion. A typical method involves adding iron to bromine water to form ferrosoferric bromide, Fe[FeBr₅]. This double salt is dissolved in excess water followed by addition of sodium carbonate. The product mixture is filtered and the filtrate is evaporated to crystallize sodium bromide. The overall reaction may be written as follows: 3Fe + 4Br₂ + 4Na₂CO₃ → 8NaBr + FeCO₃ + Fe₂(CO₃)₃
  Another method involves adding excess bromine to a solution of sodium hydroxide. This forms sodium bromide and bromate. The product solution is evapoated to dryness. The bromate is reduced to bromide by heating with carbon: 3Br₂ + 2NaOH + H₂O → NaBr + NaBrO₃ + 4HBr.

• 定義

  ChEBI: Sodium bromide is an inorganic sodium salt having bromide as the counterion. It is a bromide salt and an inorganic sodium salt. It is used in photographic processingand in analytical chemistry.

• 一般的な説明

  Sodium bromide is a brominating agent mainly used in organic synthetic reactions as a bromide source.

• 危険性

  Toxic by inhalation and ingestion.

• 安全性プロファイル

  Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. Incompatible with acids, alkaloidal and heavy-metal salts. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Brand NazO. See also BROMIDES.

• 純化方法

  Crystallise the bromide from water (0.86mL/g) between 50o and 0o, and dry it at 140o under vacuum (this purification may not eliminate chloride ion).

• 不和合性

  Sodium bromide is compatible with most non-metallic materials of construction such as polypropylene, polyethylene, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), cellulose, cloth, coatings, rubbers, etc. Metals can also be used provided the sodium bromide is kept dry. If the sodium bromide becomes wet, steel will suffer general corrosion and stainless steels and aluminum will suffer pitting attack. The rates of attack will depend upon the amount of oxygen present but in general will not be rapid.

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