エチレンシアノヒドリン

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Warning

• 危険有害性情報

  H303：飲み込むと有害のおそれ

  H315：皮膚刺激

  H319：強い眼刺激

  H335：呼吸器への刺激のおそれ

  H373：長期にわたる、または反復暴露により臓器の障 害のおそれ

• 注意書き

  P260：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーを吸入しないこ と。

  P261：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーの吸入を避ける こと。

  P264：取扱い後は皮膚をよく洗うこと。

  P264：取扱い後は手や顔をよく洗うこと。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P304+P340：吸入した場合：空気の新鮮な場所に移し、呼吸しやすい 姿勢で休息させること。

  P305+P351+P338：眼に入った場合：水で数分間注意深く洗うこと。次にコ ンタクトレンズを着用していて容易に外せる場合は外す こと。その後も洗浄を続けること。

  P314：気分が悪い時は、医師の診断/手当てを受けること。

  P405：施錠して保管すること。

  P501：内容物/容器を．．．に廃棄すること。

エチレンシアノヒドリン 価格

MSDS Information

• 3-Hydroxypropionitrile

エチレンシアノヒドリン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 外観

  無色～黄褐色, 澄明の液体

• 溶解性

  水に可溶, エタノールに可溶。水、エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすい。

• 解説

  エチレンシアノヒドリン，3-hydroxypropionitrile．C3H5NO(71.08)．HOCH2CH2CN．2-クロロエタノールにシアン化ナトリウムを作用させると得られる．淡黄色の有毒な液体．融点－40 ℃，沸点228 ℃，102 ℃(2.66 kPa)．d₄²⁵1.0404．n_D²⁵1.4241．水，エタノール，アセトンに易溶，エーテルに可溶，ベンゼン，石油エーテルに不溶．工業的には，酸化エチレンとシアン化水素からつくられ，アクリロニトリルの合成原料に用いられる．

• 用途

  有機合成原料。

• 化学的特性

  3-Hydroxypropionitrile is an aliphatic nitrile to which a hydroxyl group is attached at the ?-carbon. The nitrogen atom contains a lone pair of electrons, which is largely responsible for the polarization of the C≡N triple bond. Because of the greater electronegativity of nitrogen compared to carbon, nucleophilic compounds can attack the electrophilic carbon atom (Schaefer 1970), although the nitrogen atom is an excellent donor site for complexing with Lewis acids (Sheppard 1970). The hydroxyl functional group on the other end of the molecule is also polar; like the nitrile nitrogen, its oxygen is basic and nucleophilic. Reactions of the -OH group can involve the breaking of either of two bonds: the C-OH bond, with removal of the -OH group; or the O-H bond, with removal of -H. Either kind of reaction can involve substitution, in which a group replaces the -H or -OH, or elimination, in which a double bond is formed (Morrison and Boyd 1973). The aliphatic ethyl group separating the hydroxyl and nitrile groups, by its electron releasing inductive effect, lowers the reactivity of 3-Hydroxypropionitrile in nucleophilic addition reactions (Schaefer 1970) and stabilizes the compound. Apparently, when the hydroxyl group is in the beta position relative to the nitrile group, the compound is not readily hydrolyzed in the body to release cyanide (H?rtung 1982). When heated to decomposition, 3-Hydroxypropionitrile may produce toxic fumes of hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides (Lenga 1985). It will react with water or steam to produce toxic and flammable vapors (Sax 1984).

• 天然物の起源

  3-Hydroxypropionitrile does not occur as a natural product. Nevertheless, it may enter natural waters because it is present in concentrations between 2000 and 4000 p.p.m. in polyacrylimide polymers (Ikeda 1978) which are used as coagulants in water and wastewater purification. 3-Hydroxypropionitrile may leach from the polymer and enter the water being treated with the coagulant. Since acrylimide polymers are generally present at concentrations up to 1 p.p.m. during water purification (Sauerhoff et al 1976), if all the 3-Hydroxypropionitrile were extracted from the polymer, the concentration in water might be as high as 4 p.p.b. Fortunately, up to 99% of the 3-Hydroxypropionitrile may be removed by treatment with activated carbon in countercurrent multistage fluidized beds (Sasaoka 1975).

• 使用

  3-Hydroxypropionitrile has been used as polar solvent to investigate the orientation of the phospholipid at the surface of the polar solvents by neutral impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy and as a reagent for carboxyl protection in peptide synthesis. It has been used also in solid state composite electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells.

• 調製方法

  3-Hydroxypropionitrile can be prepared by reacting ethylene chlorohydrin with sodium cyanide (Kendall and McKenzie 1923; Britton et al 1941; Fukui et al 1961), by reacting ethylene oxide and hydrogen cyanide in an alkaline medium (Badische Anilin and Soda-Fabrik 1966), or by treating an aqueous solution containing 2.5 vol% acrylonitrile with an alkali catalyst (Howsmon 1962).

• 一般的な説明

  Colorless to yellow-brown liquid with a weak odor. Sinks and mixes with water.

• 空気と水の反応

  Water soluble. Reacts with water and steam to emit highly toxic, flammable vapors.

• 反応プロフィール

  3-Hydroxypropionitrile reacts violently with mineral acids, amines and inorganic bases. 3-Hydroxypropionitrile also reacts violently with chlorosulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, oleum and sodium hydroxide. 3-Hydroxypropionitrile is incompatible with bases, oxidizing agents, moisture and heat. 3-Hydroxypropionitrile is corrosive to mild steel.

• 危険性

  Toxic by ingestion.

• 健康ハザード

  3-Hydroxypropionitrile is considered to be moderately hazardous by ingestion and skin contact, and slightly hazardous by inhalation (Parmeggiani 1983). Although there is no record of industrial poisoning from 3-Hydroxypropionitrile (Williams 1959), the liquid may cause eye irritation, and ingestion of the liquid may cause severe kidney damage (DeRenzo 1986). On the basis of available information, 3-Hydroxypropionitrile is not a carcinogen.

• 工業用途

  An 3-Hydroxypropionitrile feedstock was widely used for manufacturing acrylonitrile until an acetylene-based process began to replace it in 1953. Although the maximum use of 3-Hydroxypropionitrile to produce acrylonitrile occurred in 1963, acrylonitrile has not been produced by this route since 1970 (Cholod 1979). 3-Hydroxypropionitrile was also used in the first commercial process for manufacture of acrylic acid and acrylates. However, this route is no longer commercially significant (Cholod 1979). 3-Hydroxypropionitrile is a solvent for some cellulose esters and many inorganic salts (Stecher 1976). Basic dyes, as free base or inorganic or organic salt, are dissolved in 3-Hydroxypropionitrile to yield solutions especially useful for dyeing poly-acrylonitrile textiles (Farbenfabriken Bayer 1966). 3-Hydroxypropionitrile is added to nitrocellulose propellant compounds to provide a reasonably short cure cycle at room temperature (Lampert 1969). It is a selective washing solvent for the removal of carbon dioxide and other acidic gases from natural and process gas streams (Pure Oil Co. 1966). 3-Hydroxypropionitrile can also be used in the preparation of ?-alanine (Boatwright 1956), and has been used as a foundation fixative for road construction (Hirose et al 1980).

エチレンシアノヒドリン 上流と下流の製品情報

エチレンシアノヒドリン 生産企業

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エチレンシアノヒドリン スペクトルデータ(¹HNMR、¹³CNMR、ESR、IR1、MS、Raman)

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