Uses
Paquinimod is a S100A9 inhibitor preventing S100A9 binding to TLR-4. Paquinimod reduces pathology in experimental collagenase-induced osteoarthritis. Paquinimod treatment of collagenase-induced OA (CIOA) resulted in significantly reduced synovial thickening (57%), osteophyte size at the medial femur (66%) and cruciate ligaments (67%) and cartilage damage at the medial tibia (47%) and femur (75%; n=7, untreated n=6). Paquinimod reduces leukocyte recruitment during sterile inflammation. Paquinimod also reduced priming of proinflammatory effector CD4(+) T cells.
Biological Activity
Paquinimod (ABR-215757) is an orally active quinoline-3-carboxamide (Q substance) class immunomodulator th at targets S100A9 (Calgranulin B; MRP14) via direct binding and blocks its interaction with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Toll-like receptor 4 (IC50 = 26 μM & 23 μM against 100 nM hS100A9 from binding immobilized hRAGE & hTLR4/MD2, respectively). Paquinimod in vivo efficacy is demonstrated in murine models of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, including liver fibrosis, collagen-induced osteoarthritis, peritonitis, EAE, type 1 diabetes, lupus (0.04-25 mg/kg/day p.o.), and atherosclerosis (10 mg/kg i.p.).
