Chemical Properties
Light brown powder. It dissolves slightly in water, but readily dissolves in ethanol, ether, and other organic solvents.
Uses
4-Iodophenol is used in chemiluminescence imaging assays and experiments, as diagnostic agents in order to detect cancer cells in patients. It is also utilized in synthesizing agonists for the estrogen β receptor. Additionally, The compound finds extensive applications in various medical industries as well as in human and animal nutrition products such as pharmaceutical intermediates, and polarizing films for Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) chemicals.
Preparation
It is obtained from 4-Aminophenol by diazotisation and substitution.
Application
4-Iodophenol can be used as a building block for the synthesis of:
Hydroxybiaryls by reacting with aryl boronic acids via Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.[1][2]
Aryl substituted olefins by reacting with acrylates via Pd-catalyzed Heck reaction.[3]
Iodinated-4-aryloxymethylcoumarins [4]
Hydroxylated stilbenoids [5] and psammaplysenes A and B.[6]
Definition
ChEBI: 4-iodophenol is an iodophenol.
Metabolism
4-Iodophenol has known human metabolites that include (2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(4-iodophenoxy)oxane-2-carboxylic acid.
Purification Methods
Crystallise 4-iodophenol from pet ether (b 80-100o) or distil it in vacuo. If the material has a brown or violet color, then dissolve it in CHCl3, shake it with 5% sodium thiosulfate solution until is colourless. Dry (Na2SO4), extract, evaporate and disil the residue in vacuo. [Dains & Eberly Org Synth Coll Vol II 355 1948, Beilstein 6 IV 1074.]
References
[1] HIDEHIRO SAKURAI Toshikazu H Tatsuya Tsukuda. Pd/C as a Reusable Catalyst for the Coupling Reaction of Halophenols and Arylboronic Acids in Aqueous Media[J]. The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2002, 67 8: 2721-2722. DOI:
10.1021/jo016342k.
[2] PIOTR WAWRZYNIAK Joachim H. Microwave-Promoted Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling of Arylboronic Acids with 1-Bromo-2-naphthol, o-Bromophenol, and o-Chlorophenol.[J]. ChemInform, 2007, 38 14. DOI:
10.1002/chin.200714105.
[3] LUNXIANG YIN Juergen L. Carbon—Carbon Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Heterogeneous Palladium Catalysts[J]. ChemInform, 2007, 38 22. DOI:
10.1002/chin.200722237.
[4] MAHANTESHA BASANAGOUDA . Synthesis, structure–activity relationship of iodinated-4-aryloxymethyl-coumarins as potential anti-cancer and anti-mycobacterial agents[J]. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2014, 74: Pages 225-233. DOI:
10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.061.
[5] AMIT SHARD. Tandem Heck/Decarboxylation/Heck Strategy: Protecting-Group-Free Synthesis of Symmetric and Unsymmetric Hydroxylated Stilbenoids?[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2012, 51 49: 12250-12253. DOI:
10.1002/anie.201206346.
[6] SAVVAS N. GEORGIADES Jon C. Total Synthesis of Psammaplysenes A and B, Naturally Occurring Inhibitors of FOXO1a Nuclear Export[J]. Organic Letters, 2005, 7 19: 4091-4094. DOI:
10.1021/ol0513286.
