Description
Olmutinib, codeveloped by
Boehringer Ingelheim and Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., was
approved by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety
(MFDS) for treatment of locally advanced or metastatic EGFR
T790 M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer
(NSCLC). Olmutinib serves as a third-generation epidermal
growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR TKI),
which is being used as an oral therapy for patients who have
previously been treated with an alternate EGFR TKI. Firstand
second-generation EGFR TKIs, which bind reversibly and
irreversibly to the TK domain, respectively, are both generally
effective at onset of treatment but result in development of
resistance within the first year of treatment. Thirdgeneration
EGFR TKIs such as olmutinib have demonstrated
the ability to covalently bind to the kinase domain of EGFR
while sparing wild-type EGFR, leading to irreversible inhibition
of both EGFR mutations and the T790 M mutation, which is
linked to EGFR TKI resistance.
Description
HM61713 is a third generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits both EGFR activating and T790M resistance mutations, while sparing wild-type EGFR. It has been investigated in Phase II clinical trials in patients with EGFR T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), who developed resistance to earlier generations of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy.
Uses
Olmutinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Synthesis
Synthetically, olmutinib can be accessed in two steps
beginning with 2,4-dichloro-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (147), which is commercially available and can be
prepared in two steps from urea and 3-aminothiophene 2-
carboxylate. Nucleophilic addition of N-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-
propenamide (148) to 147 proceeded with complete
regioselectivity via treatment with K2CO3 in warm DMSO,
smoothly providing the desired diaryl ether 149 in 87% yield
after crystallization from isopropanol and water. From
149, substitution with commercially available piperazinyl aniline
150 under acidic heating conditions (DMA, IPA, TFA, 90 C)
provided olmutinib in 82% yield. After recrystallization,
olmutinib (XVI) was obtained in 60% overall yield and
99.1% purity.
in vitro
olmutinib has been identified as an irreversible kinase inhibitor and could covalently bind to a cysteine residue near the kinase domain of mutant egfr. olmutinib had a half-life of over 24h for egfr inhibition. olmutinib was able to cause potent inhibition in cell lines h1975 (l858r and t790m) and hcc827 (exon 19 deletion). olmutinib showed a low potency for nsclc cell line h358 with wild-type egfr [1].
in vivo
the previous in vivo studies of xenograft models with grafts of h1975 and hcc827 showed that olmutinib was active against the tumors without dasplaying any side effects [1].
References
[1] wang s, cang s, liu d. third-generation inhibitors targeting egfr t790m mutation in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. j hematol oncol. 2016 apr 12;9:34.
