L-Tyrosine hydrochloride

Chemical Properties

White to off-white crystalline powder

Uses

L-Tyrosine Hydrochloride is the salt form of L-Tyrosine (T899975), is one of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. L-Tyrosine is biologically converted from L-phenylalanine and is in turn is converted to L-DOPA and further converted into the neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine.

General Description

Tyrosine is a polar, non-essential amino acid with a phenolic functionality. L-tyrosine is a natural amino acid that is incorporated into proteins as directed by the genetic code. The phenolic function makes the tyrosine residue in proteins a principle recipient of reactions such as phosphorylation/dephosphorylation important for cell signalling. Tyrosine is also a precursor of various neurotransmitters and hormones.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Tyrosine is a nonessential amino acid found in mammal, fish and birds. It participates in protein modification, such as phosphorylation, nitrosation and sulfation. It is involved in immune response regulation and prevents the generation of inflammatory cytokines and superoxide. Tyrosine serves as a precursor for epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, thyroid hormones and melanin biosynthesis. Tyrosine phosphorylation is associated with a number of cellular processes such as cell proliferation and migration, development of the embryo, cellular metabolism and transcription. Tyrosine phosphorylation also aids activation of the enzymatic function of a protein.