Description
The general formula of nonoxynols is
C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH. Each nonoxynol is characterized
by the number (n) of ethylene oxide repeated in
the chain. They are present in detergents, liquid soaps,
emulsifiers for creams, fabric softeners, photo graphie
paper additives, hair dyes, lubricating oils, spermicides
and anti-infective agents. They are irritants and
sensitizers.
Chemical Properties
Clear, colourless or light yellow, viscous liquid.
Originator
Ortho-Delfen ,Cilag,France,1971
Uses
spermatocide, contraceptive
Uses
Nonoxynol-6 was reported as a sensitizing
agent in an industrial hand cleanser and in a crackindicating
fluid used in ilie metal industry. Nonoxynol-
9 is most commonly used as a preservative in topical
antiseptics or in spermicides. Nonoxynol-10 was
reported as a UV-B photosensitizer. Nonoxynol-12 (nonylphenol ethoxylate) caused contact dermatitis in
a domestic cleaner who used a polish containing it.
Definition
ChEBI: Tergitol is a poly(ethylene glycol) derivative that is poly(ethylene glycol) in which one of the terminal hydroxy groups has been converted into the corresponding p-nonylphenyl ether. It has a role as a nonionic surfactant. It is a poly(ethylene glycol) derivative and a hydroxypolyether.
Manufacturing Process
220 parts of isononylphenol prepared by condensation of phenol with an olefin mixture obtained by polymerization of propylene and containing essentially isononylenes are caused to react with 0.5 part of caustic alkali powder. The whole is heated to about 130°C to 135°C and the water formed is removed under reduced pressure, while stirring. Thereupon, ethylene oxide is introduced into the melt, while well stirring, during which operation care must be taken, that the temperature of the reaction mass is maintained between 180°C and 200°C. When about 300 parts of ethylene oxide are taken up, the reaction is interrupted. A water-soluble oil is obtained.
brand name
Conceptrol (Ortho Pharmaceutical);
Emko (Schering-Plough HealthCare); Gynol II (Ortho
Pharmaceutical); Intercept (Ortho Pharmaceutical); Semicid
(Whitehall-Robins); Today Sponge (Whitehall-Robins).
Therapeutic Function
Spermatocide (vaginal)
Flammability and Explosibility
Not classified
Contact allergens
Their general formula is C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH.
Each nonoxynol is characterized by the number (n) of
ethylene oxide units repeated in the chain; for example,
nonoxynol-9, nonoxynol-14. They are present in
detergents, liquid soaps, emulsifiers for creams, fabric
softeners, photographic paper additives, hair dyes,
lubricating oils, spermicides, and antiinfective agents.
They are irritants and sensitizers. Nonoxynol-6 was
reported as a sensitizing agent in an industrial hand
cleanser and in a crack-indicating fluid in the metal
industry. Nonoxynol-9 is the most commonly used, as
a preservative in topical antiseptics or in spermicides,
acting as a iodophor in PVP-iodine solutions.
Nonoxynol-10 was reported as a UVB-photosensitizer.
Nonoxynol-12 caused contact dermatitis in a domestic
cleaner who used a polish containing it.
Safety Profile
Poison by
intraperitoneal route. Experimental
reproductive effects. Mutation data
reported. An active ingredient in
contraceptive jelhes, foams, and creams.
Combustible when exposed to heat or
flames. When heated to decomposition it
emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See
also ALCOHOLS.
