Description
Gemifloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone derivative that is active against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria, and it was launched as an oral treatment for bacterial respiratory infections. Compared with other fluoroquinolones currently on the market, gemifloxacin possesses enhanced in vitro activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, including isolates resistant to b-lactams, macrolides, and ciprofloxacin. Gemifloxacin is specifically indicated for treating community- acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by multi-drug resistant S. pneumoniae and for treating acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB). The recommended dose of gemifloxacin is 320 mg daily for 5 days for AECB and 320 mg daily for 7 days for CAP.
Chemical Properties
gemifloxacin mesylate is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial agent for oral administration. Gemifloxacin, a compound related to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics, is available as the mesylate salt in the sesquihydrate form. The mesylate salt is a white to light brown solid with a molecular weight of 485.49. Gemifloxacin is considered freely soluble at neutral pH (350 μg/mL at 37oC, pH 7.0).
Originator
LG Life Sciences (S. Korea)
Uses
Third generation fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.
Definition
ChEBI: Gemifloxacin mesylate is the mesylate salt of gemifloxacin. It has a role as an antimicrobial agent and a topoisomerase IV inhibitor. It contains a gemifloxacin.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Gemifloxacin is a broad-spectrum quinolone antibacterial. Fluoroquinolones stabilize DNA strand breaks created by DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV by binding to the enzyme-DNA complex generating persistent, covalent enzyme–DNA adducts, inhibiting DNA synthesis. Gemifloxacin is used in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and mild-to-moderate pneumonia. Gemifloxacin has also been found to inhibit migration and invasion of human colon cancer cells.
