Description
Polyphyllin I is a steroid saponin that has been found in
P. polyphylla and has anticancer activity. It decreases proliferation of, and induces apoptosis in, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells (IC
50s = 5 and 2.5 μM, respectively). It disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential, activates caspase-3, and increases protein levels of the caspase-3 substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in HepG2 and drug-resistant R-HepG2 cells. Polyphyllin I (2.05 and 2.73 mg/kg for 10 days) reduces tumor growth in an MCF-7 mouse xenograft model.
Uses
Polyphylin II is a natural saponin extracted from the plant, Paris polyphylla, and displays antiproliferative activity in vivo. Used in the treatment of lung and cervical cancers.
