Description
3PO (18550-98-6) is an inhibitor of the metabolic enzyme 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3).? PFKFB3 is constitutively expressed by neoplastic cells and is required for the high glycolytic rate (Warburg Effect) of these cells. 3PO inhibits PFKFB3 (IC50?= 1.4 – 24 μM for various cancer cell lines), suppresses glucose uptake, and lowers intracellular concentrations of Fru-2,6-BP, lactate, ATP, NAD+, and NADH.1? Inhibition of cancer cell metabolism via blocking the action of PFKFB3 has been studied in various models.2-4? Inhibition of PFKFB3 has been shown to induce autophagy as a survival mechanism in cancer cells.5? 3PO has also been used to reduce pathological angiogenesis.6
Definition
ChEBI: 3PO is a member of the class of pyridines that is pyridine substituted by a 3-oxo-3-(pyridin-4-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl group at position 3. An inhibitor of PFKFB3 kinase, an enzyme with a key role in glycolysis. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an angiogenesis inhibitor, an autophagy inducer, an apoptosis inducer and an EC 2.7.1.105 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase) inhibitor. It is a member of pyridines and an enone.
Biochem/physiol Actions
3PO is a potent and selective inhibitor of PFKFB3 (6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase) that reduces glycolytic flux and suppresses glucose uptake. 3PO is selectively cytostatic to transformed cells and suppresses the growth of established tumor in mice.
References
1) Clem?et al.?(2008),?Small-molecule inhibition of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase activity suppresses glycolytic flux and tumor growth; Mol. Cancer Ther.?7?110
2) Clem?et al.?(2013),?Targeting 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (PFKFB3) as a therapeutic strategy against cancer; Mol. Cancer Ther.?12?1461
3) Lea?et al.?(2015),?Inhibition of Growth of Bladder Cancer Cells by 3-(3-Pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one in Combination with Other Compounds Affecting Glucose Metabolism; Anticancer Res.?35?5889
4) Lea?et al.?(2016),?Inhibition of Growth by Combined Treatment with Inhibitors of Lactate Dehydrogenase and either Phenformin or Inhibitors of 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatae 3; Anticancer Res.?36?1479
5) Klarer?et al.?(2014),?Inhibition of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (PFKFB3) induces autophagy as a survival mechanism; Cancer Metab.?2?2
6) Schoors?et al.?(2014),?Partial and transient reduction of glycolysis by PFKFB3 blockade reduces pathological angiogenesis; Cell Metab.?19?37
