Uses
PPARG (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma) coactivator 1 α (PPARGC1A) is a 91kDa multifunctional regulatory factor, encoded by the gene mapped to human chromosome 4p15.1. The encoded protein is mainly expressed in heart, skeletal muscle and kidney.
The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional coactivator that regulates the genes involved in energy metabolism. This protein interacts with PPARgamma, which permits the interaction of this protein with multiple transcription factors. This protein can interact with, and regulate the activities of, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and nuclear respiratory factors (NRFs). It provides a direct link between external physiological stimuli and the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, and is a major factor that regulates muscle fiber type determination. This protein may be also involved in controlling blood pressure, regulating cellular cholesterol homoeostasis, and the development of obesity. (provided by RefSeq)
Biological Activity
PPARG coactivator 1 α (PPARGC1A) interacts with a wide range of transcription factors and plays a vital role in cellular energy metabolism. The encoded protein regulates activity of many transcription factors and functions as a molecular switch for various cellular processes, such as mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration, gluconeogenesis and glucose transport, glycogenolysis, fatty acid oxidation, peroxisomal remodeling, muscle fiber-type switching and oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, it is also acts as a regulator of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is considered to be a potential target for anti-diabetic therapy. The protein functions as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma and can be used as a promising therapeutic target for the same. It is downregulated in prostate cancer. Presence of PPARGC1A inhibits prostate cancer progression and metastasis. However, presence of this protein gives selective advantages in breast cancer and melanoma cells.
