Biological Activity
WWL113 is an inhibitor of mouse Carboxylesterase 3 (Ces3) and human CES1 (orthologue of mCes3), serine hydrolases involved in lipolysis in addition to their activities as liver detoxification enzymes. In a recent study, hCES1 activity was found to be increased two-fold in obese individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes compared to lean subjects, and is thought to generate surplus fatty acids th at can deposit ectopically in tissues. WWL113 treatment resulted in major improvement of multiple features of metabolic syndrome and ameliorated obesity-diabetes in mice with lowered levels of nonesterified free fatty acids (NEFAs), triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol and fasted glucose as well as enhanced glucose tolerance after three weeks of treatment. WWL113 inhibits Ces3 with an IC50 of 120 nM and also the closely related Ces1f with an IC50 of 100 nM. WWL113 inhibits mouse recombinant Ces1, Ces1c, and Abhd6 at 10 μM.
