Chemical Properties
Decanal has a penetrating, sweet, waxy, floral, citrus, pronounced fatty odor that develops a floral character on dilution
and fatty, citrus-like taste.
Chemical Properties
Decanal is a component
of many essential oils (e.g., neroli oil) and various citrus peel oils. It is a colorless
liquid with a strong odor, reminiscent of orange peel, which changes to a fresh
citrus odor when diluted. Decanal is used in low concentrations in blossom fragrances
(especially
Chemical Properties
colourless liquid, an important component of citrus
Occurrence
Among the aliphatic aldehydes, it has the largest natural occurrence in a variety of essential oils and extraction
products: lemongrass, lavender, Taiwan citronella, sweet orange, mandarin, grapefruit, orris, coriander, Acacia farnesiana Willd.,
lemon (from different sources), bitter orange, petitgrain bergamot, petitgrain lime, lime and Bulgarian clary sage. Also reported
found in citrus peel oils and juices, apple, apricots, avocado, guava, strawberry, baked potato, tomato, rice, ginger, mozarella cheese,
other cheeses, butter, milk, lean fish, cooked chicken, beef, pork, beer, tea, cocoa, roasted peanuts, pecans, soybeans, coconut oil,
coriander seed and leaf and corn oil.
Uses
Decanal is used in fragrances and flavoring and it is an important component in citrus along with octanal, citral, and sinensal. It is also used in Air Care Products, Laundry and Dishwashing Products, Personal Care Products.
Preparation
Industrially prepared by oxidation of n-decanol or by reduction of the corresponding acid.
Definition
ChEBI: A fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxy group of capric acid (decanoic acid).
Aroma threshold values
Detection: 0.1 to 6 ppb; recognition: 9 ppb; aroma characteristics at 1.0%; sweet clean orange, citrus-like,
waxy and aldehydic, woody, candy-like with a floral and cilantro stem nuance.
Taste threshold values
Taste characteristics at 10 ppm in 5% sugar and 0.1% CA. Sweet citrus body, orange, waxy and slightly
woody with a cilantro stem and geranium floral nuance.
General Description
Colorless to light yellow liquid with a pleasant odor. Floats on water. Freezing point in 64°F.
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Decanal is an aldehyde. Aldehydes are frequently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (antioxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation.
Health Hazard
On direct contact can produce eye and skin irritation; low general toxicity.
Flammability and Explosibility
Non flammable
Chemical Reactivity
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Safety Profile
: Moderately toxic by
ingestion. A severe skin irritant. See also 1
DECANAL. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
fumes.
Metabolism
See monograph on aldehyde C-8|.
