Cyhalothrin

Description

Cyhalothrin is a broad-spectrum pesticide and acaricide that is used to control a wide range of pests in a variety of applications. It belongs to the pyrethroid, a class of synthetic insecticides which has the similar structure and insecticidal activity of the naturally occurring insecticide pyrethrum, derived from the flowers of chrysanthemums. It is commercially used for controlling insects on non-food crops, greenhouses, hospitals, and crops, such as cotton, cereals, hops, ornamentals, potatoes, vegetables, etc. and it targets various kinds of pests, including aphids, Colorado beetles and butterfly larvae. Besides, it is effective to used in public health applications to control insects identified as potential disease vectors, such as cockroaches, mosquitoes, ticks, and flies.
Registered with the EPA in 1988, Cyhalothrin is often preferred as an active ingredient in insecticides because it is proved to be mostly insoluble in water, which is an unlikely water contaminant. It is also nonvolatile, which makes it remain effective for extended periods of time.

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyhalothrin
http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/haloxyfop-methylparathion/lambda-cyhalothrin-ext.html
http://www.toxipedia.org/display/toxipedia/Lambda-Cyhalothrin

Chemical Properties

olorless to beige powder; or viscous yellowish-brown liquid. Mild odor. Liquid formulations containing organic solvents may be flammable.

Uses

Insecticide; pyrethrin analog

Uses

Insecticide.

Definition

ChEBI: (1S)-cis-(alphaR)-cyhalothrin is a cyclopropanecarboxylate ester.

Agricultural Uses

Insecticide; acaridide: A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP). Only cyhalothrin is banned for use in EU; not lamda-isomer; CAS 68085-85-8). Used to control a variety of pests in many crops. Also used in structural pest situations..

Trade name

CHARGE®; COMMODORE®; DEMAND®; DEMAND CS®; DOUBLE BARREL®; EXCALIBER®; GRENADE®; HALLMARK®; ICON®; IMPASSE®; KARATE®; MATADOR®; NINJA®; PP321®; RATE®; SABER®; SAMURAI®; SCIMITAR®; SENTINEL®; WARRIOR®

Potential Exposure

Pyrethroid insecticide and acaridide used to control a variety of pests in many crops. Also used in structural pest situations. A United States Environmental Protection Agency Restricted Use Pesticide (RUP). Only cyhalothrin is banned for use in EU; not the lamda-isomer (CAS 68085-85-8).

Metabolic pathway

The solution and solid-phase photodecomposition of cyhalothrin involves E/Z and cis/trans isomerization reactions and frees radical processes leading to decarboxylation, ester cleavage, proton abstraction, oxygen scavenging, and reactions with solvent- generated radicals. The major degradation products are decarboxylated analogs which are also isomerized at the cyclopropyl and vinyl groups. In vitro incubation of 14C-cyhalothrin with honey bee mid-guts yields the principal metabolite identified as 4-hydroxy-3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol with a small amount of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid. In vivo metabolism with honey bees shows the major metabolites 4'-hydroxy-and 2'-hydroxy-3-phenoxybenzyl alcohols and 4'-hydroxy-3-phenoxybenzoic acid. Prochloraz delays the metabolism, detoxication, and excretion of cyhalothrin by inhibition of microsomal oxidation, effectively enhancing the toxicity to the honey bee.

Shipping

UN3349 Pyrethroid pesticide, solid toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous material. UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.br UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.

Incompatibilities

May react violently with strong oxidi- zers, bromine, 90% hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus trichloride, silver powders, or dust. Incompatible with silver compounds. Mixture with some silver compounds forms explosive salts of silver oxalate. Hydrolyzed by water

Waste Disposal

Incineration would be an effective disposal procedure where permitted. If an efficient incinerator is not available, the product should be mixed with large amounts of combustible material and contact with the smoke should be avoided. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers.