Tropicamid

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Warnung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H315：Verursacht Hautreizungen.

  H317：Kann allergische Hautreaktionen verursachen.

  H319：Verursacht schwere Augenreizung.

  H335：Kann die Atemwege reizen.

• Sicherheit

  P261：Einatmen von Staub vermeiden.

  P280：Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.

  P301+P312：BEI VERSCHLUCKEN: Bei Unwohlsein GIFTINFORMATIONSZENTRUM/Arzt/... (geeignete Stelle für medizinische Notfallversorgung vom Hersteller/Lieferanten anzugeben) anrufen.

  P305+P351+P338：BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

Tropicamide Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
  R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
  R42/43:Sensibilisierung durch Einatmen und Hautkontakt möglich.
  R41:Gefahr ernster Augenschäden.
  R37/38:Reizt die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
  R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
  S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
  S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
  S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Crystalline Solid

• Originator

  Mydriacyl,Alcon,US,1959

• Verwenden

  Tropicamide, like cyclopentolate, is used in ophthalmoscopy for reaching pre-operational mydraises and for testing narrow-angle glaucoma.

• Verwenden

  Indicated to induce mydriasis (dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye) in diagnostic procedures, such as measurement of refractive errors and examination of the fundus of the eye.

• Verwenden

  Ophthalmic anticholinergic. Mydriatic

• Verwenden

  antidepressant, nutrient; LD50(rat) 1634 mg/kg ip

• Definition

  ChEBI: Tropicamide is a member of acetamides.

• Manufacturing Process

  A solution of 82 parts by weight of γ-chloromethyl-pyridine-hydrochloride in 60 parts of water is added dropwise, at 0° to 5°C, to 250 parts by weight of a 50% aqueous ethyl amine solution. The mixture is stirred for 1 hour at 60°C, whereupon it is cooled down and separated in the cold with solid potassium hydroxide. The oil formed is separated off, dried over potassium hydroxide and distilled. The ethyl-(γ-picolyl)-amine formed boils over at 103° to 104°C under a pressure of 13 mm Hg. Its dihydrochloride melts at 198° to 200°C. To a mixture of 48.7 parts by weight of ethyl-(γ-picolyl)-amine and 36 parts by weight of dry pyridine in 220 parts by weight of dry chloroform is slowly added, while stirring and cooling with ice water, crude acetyltropic acid chloride prepared from 60 parts by weight of tropic acid. To complete the reaction, the mixture is stirred for one additional hour at 23°C. Thereupon the chloroform solution is diluted with 200 parts by weight of ether and agitated with 3 N hydrochloric acid. The weakly Congo acid solution is heated for 1 hour in a steam bath, the acetyl group of the reaction product being thereby split off, and the mixture is filtered over charcoal.
  Upon adding concentrated ammonia in excess, the condensation product separates and is taken up in chloroform. The chloroform solution is dried and distilled, the tropic acid N-ethyl-N-(γ-picolyl)-amide being thereby obtained in the form of a thick oil, which crystallizes after prolonged time and which then melts at 96° to 97°C.

• Trademarks

  Mydriacyl (Alcon); Tropicacyl (Akorn).

• Therapeutic Function

  Anticholinergic (ophthalmic)

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Tropicamide, N-ethyl-2-phenyl-N-(4-pyridylmethyl)hydracrylamide (Mydriacyl), is aneffective anticholinergic for ophthalmic use when mydriasisis produced by relaxation of the sphincter muscle ofthe iris, allowing adrenergic innervation of the radial muscleto dilate the pupil. Its maximum effect is achieved inabout 20 to 25 minutes and lasts for about 20 minutes,with complete recovery in about 6 hours. Its action ismore rapid in onset and wears off more rapidly thanthat of most other mydriatics. To achieve mydriasis, either0.5% or 1.0% concentration may be used, althoughcycloplegia is achieved only with the stronger solution.Its uses are much the same as those described above formydriatics in general, but opinions differ on whether thedrug is as effective as homatropine, for example, inachieving cycloplegia. For mydriatic use, however, in examinationof the fundus and treatment of acute iritis,iridocyclitis, and keratitis, it is quite adequate; and becauseof its shorter duration of action, it is less prone toinitiate a rise in intraocular pressure than the more potent,longer-lasting drugs. As with other mydriatics, however,pupil dilation can lead to increased intraocular pressure.In common with other mydriatics, it is contraindicated inpatients with glaucoma, either known or suspected, andshould not be used in the presence of a shallow anteriorchamber. Thus far, no allergic reactions or ocular damagehas been observed with this drug. The ability to clone thevarious muscarinic receptor subtypes has allowed the observationthat tropicamide has modest selectivity for theM4 receptor.

• Biologische Aktivität

  M 4 selective muscarinic receptor antagonist.

• Biochem/physiol Actions

  M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.

• Synthese

  Tropicamide, N-(4-piridinylmethyl)-N-ethyl-|?-hydroxy-|á-phenylpropionamide (14.1.41), is synthesized by reacting O-acetyltropyl chloride with ethyl (4-piridinylmethyl)amine and the subsequent acidic hydrolysis of the acetyl group in the resulting amide (14.1.40) [31].

  

• Veterinary Drugs and Treatments

  Tropicamide, like atropine, causes mydriasis and cycloplegia, but has more mydriatic than cycloplegic activity. Tropicamide has a more rapid onset (maximum mydriasis in 15 – 30 minutes) of action and a shorter duration of action (pupil returns to normal in 6 – 12 hours in most animals) than does atropine, thereby making it more useful for funduscopic examinations. In dogs, intraocular pressure is apparently not affected by tropicamide. Tropicamide is also indicated following cataract removal to prevent synechiae formation that is associated with post-cataract atropine administration. As the half-life of tropicamide is shorter than that of atropine, this allows iris contraction preventing synechial adhesions.

• Lager

  Store at RT

Tropicamide Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Tropicamid Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global(346)Suppliers

1508-75-4, Tropicamide Verwandte Suche: