Methyljodid

Bezeichnung:Methyljodid

CAS-Nr74-88-4

Englisch Name:Iodomethane

CBNumberCB9326765

SummenformelCH3I

Molgewicht141.94

MOL-Datei74-88-4.mol

Synonyma

Iodmethan

Methyljodid

Methyljodid physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	−64(lit.)
Siedepunkt	41-43 °C
Dichte	2.28 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Dampfdichte	4.89 (vs air)
Dampfdruck	24.09 psi ( 55 °C)
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.530
Flammpunkt	−18 °F
storage temp.	2-8°C
Löslichkeit	water: soluble14g/L at 20°C
Aggregatzustand	Liquid
Wichte	2.280
Farbe	Clear
Geruch (Odor)	Sweet, ethereal odor
PH	5.2 (H2O, 25℃)
Wasserlöslichkeit	14 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive	Light Sensitive
Merck	14,6087
BRN	969135
Henry's Law Constant	5.06 at 21 °C (Gan and Yates, 1996)
Expositionsgrenzwerte	TLV-TWA 2 ppm (～11 mg/m³) (ACGIH), 5 ppm (MSHA and OSHA); carcinogenicity: Animal Limited Evidence (IARC), Suspected Human Carcinogen.
Dielectric constant	7.0（20℃）
Stabilität	Light Sensitive
LogP	1.510
CAS Datenbank	74-88-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC	3 (Vol. 41, Sup 7, 71) 1999
NIST chemische Informationen	Methyl iodide(74-88-4)
EPA chemische Informationen	Methyl iodide (74-88-4)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	T,F,Xn
R-Sätze:	21-23/25-37/38-40-11-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-38-20/22
S-Sätze:	36/37-38-45-9-24-16-7-60-36/37/39-33-23-20-4
RIDADR	UN 2644 6.1/PG 1
OEB	B
OEL	TWA: 2 ppm (10 mg/m3) [skin]
WGK Germany	1
RTECS-Nr.	PA9450000
F	8
TSCA	Yes
HazardClass	6.1
PackingGroup	I
HS Code	29033990
Giftige Stoffe Daten	74-88-4(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität	LD50 orally in rats: 76 mg/kg; LD50 s.c. in mice: 0.78 mmoles/kg (IARC, 1986)
IDLA	100 ppm

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Iodomethane Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH. BRAUNFäRBUNG BEI KONTAKT MIT LICHT UND FEUCHTIGKEIT.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft. Sie können sich in tiefer gelegenen Bereichen sammeln und den Luftsauerstoff verdrängen.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen über 270°C unter Bildung von Iodwasserstoff. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln. Reagiert sehr heftig mit Sauerstoff bei 300°C unter Explosionsgefahr.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 2 ppm (als TWA); Hautresorption; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Hautresorption Krebserzeugend Kategorie: 2 (DFG 2006).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe, durch Verschlucken und über die Haut.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann sehr schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verzögert ein. ärztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
LECKAGE
Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen! Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. Chemikalienschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R21:Gesundheitsschädlich bei Berührung mit der Haut.
R23/25:Giftig beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
R37/38:Reizt die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R38:Reizt die Haut.
R20/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S38:Bei unzureichender Belüftung Atemschutzgerät anlegen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S9:Behälter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
S24:Berührung mit der Haut vermeiden.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
Aussehen Eigenschaften
CH3I. Farblose, etherisch riechende Flüssigkeit.
Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt
Gefährliche Reaktionen mit Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallen.
Kann Krebs erzeugen. Gesundheitsschädlich bei Berührung mit der Haut. Giftig beim Einatmen und Verschlucken. Reizt die Atmungsorgane und die Haut. Irreversibler Schaden möglich.
Latenzzeit bis zum Wirkungseintritt. ZNS-Störungen, Kopfschmerzen, Erbrechen, Schwindel, Müdigkeit, Störung der Bewegungskoordination, Herz-Kreislaufstörungen. Toxische Wirkung auf Leber und Nieren.
Wassergefährdender Stoff (WGK 2).
Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln
Unbedingt im Abzug arbeiten! Wässrige 10%ige Ammoniaklösung bereitstellen.
Gummi-Schutzhandschuhe (nur als kurzzeitiger Spritzschutz).
Verhalten im Gefahrfall
Kleine Spritzer im Abzug verdampfen lassen oder direkt mit 10%iger Ammoniaklösung abspülen. Größere Mengen mit Absorptionsmaterial aufnehmen und der Entsorgung zuführen. Ggf. Labor räumen!
Atemschutz: Umluftunabhängig.
Methyliodid brennt selbst nicht. Brandbekämpfung auf Umgebung abstimmen! Vorsicht, Gefahr der Inhalation bei Bränden!
Erste Hilfe
Nach Hautkontakt: Mit viel Wasser abwaschen, danach mit Polyethylenglycol 400 (bereithalten) abspülen.
Nach Augenkontakt: Mit viel Wasser mindestens 15 Minuten bei geöffnetem Lidspalt spülen. Augenarzt!
Nach Einatmen: Frischluft. Arzt!
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Benetzte Kleidung sofort ausziehen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag
Sachgerechte Entsorgung
Methyliodid wird im Abzug vorsichtig unter starkem Rühren in eine 10%ige Ammoniak-Lösung eingetropft. Die Salzlösung wird neutralisiert und kann in den Abfluß gegeben werden.
Beschreibung
Methyl iodide is a colorless liquid with a pungent, ether-like odor. Turns yellow, red, or brown on exposureto light and moisture. Molecular weight = 141.94; Specificgravity (H2O:1) 5 2.28; Boiling point = 42.8℃; Vaporpressure 5 400 mmHg; Freezing/Melting point 5 2 66.7℃.It is noncombustible. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA704 M Rating System): Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity0. Slightly soluble in water; solubility 5 1%.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Methyl iodide is a colorless liquid. Pungent, ethereal odor. Turns yellow, red, or brown on exposure to light and moisture.
Chemische Eigenschaften
light yellow to light pink liquid
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, colorless liquid which may become yellow, red, or brown on exposure to light and moisture
Verwenden
Methyl iodide is used in the analysis of pyridine; microscopy; as an embedding materialfor examining diatoms (Merck 1996); and asa methylating agent.
Verwenden
.Iodomethane is an approved pesticide used to control insects, plant parasitic nematodes, soil borne pathogens and weed seeds.
Verwenden
Methylating agent; in microscopy because of its high refractive index; as imbedding material for examining diatoms; in testing for pyridine. Light sensitive etching agent for electronic circuits; component in fire extinguishers.
Vorbereitung Methode
Methyl iodide has had very limited use as a chemical intermediate (methylations), and in microscopy because of its high refractive index, as imbedding materials for examining diatoms, and in tests for pyridine. It has been proposed as a fire extinguisher and insecticidal fumigant. It is a product of natural biological processes. Methyl iodide is a currently registered pesticide.
Definition
ChEBI: A member of the class of iodomethanes that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by iodine.
Definition
(methyl iodide; CH₃I) A liquid alkyl halide made by reaction of methanol with iodine in the presence of red phosphorus.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A colorless liquid that turns brown on exposure to light. Denser than water. Contact may irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Very toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Soluble in water. Sinks and slowly decomposes in water forming poisonous vapor cloud of HI.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Halogenated aliphatic compounds, such as Iodomethane, are moderately or very reactive. Reactivity generally decreases with increased degree of substitution of halogen for hydrogen atoms. Low molecular weight haloalkanes are highly flammable and can react with some metals to form dangerous products. Materials in this group are incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they are incompatible with many amines, alkylphosphines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals (sodium), and epoxides.
Hazard
Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skinabsorption; narcotic, irritant to skin. Eye damageand central nervous system impairment. Question-able carcinogen.
Health Hazard
Inhalation of vapor causes lung congestion and pulmonary edema. Higher concentrations causes rapid narcosis and death. Contact with liquid irritates eyes and burns skin.
Health Hazard
The acute toxicity of methyl iodide is moderate by ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. This substance is readily absorbed through the skin and may cause systemic toxicity as a result. Methyl iodide is moderately irritating upon contact with the skin and eyes. Methyl iodide is an acute neurotoxin. Symptoms of exposure (which may be delayed for several hours) can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, slurred speech, visual disturbances, and tremor. Massive overexposure may cause pulmonary edema, convulsions, coma, and death.
Chronic exposure to methyl iodide vapor may cause neurotoxic effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, and blurred vision. There is limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of methyl iodide to experimental animals; it is not classified as an OSHA "select carcinogen."
Health Hazard
The acute oral toxicity and inhalation toxicity of methyl iodide is moderate in test animals. It is more toxic than methyl bromide.The toxic symptoms are nausea, vomiting,diarrhea, ataxia, drowsiness, slurred speech,visual disturbances, and tremor. Pulmonaryedema, coma, and death can result from massive exposures. The vapors are an irritantto the eyes. Repeated exposures may causedepression of the central nervous system.Prolonged contact with the liquid can causeskin burn and dermatitis. The reported valuesof LD50, as well as LC50, for this compoundas published in the literature show variations.The fatal doses by inhalation and ingestionare 900 ppm/h in mice and 150 mg/kg inrats, respectively (Buckell 1950)
.Methyl iodide exhibited carcinogenic pro perties in test animals. Administration of thiscompound produced tumors in lungs andcolon. ACGIH (1986) lists it as a suspectedhuman carcinogen.
Brandgefahr
Noncombustible. High vapor pressure may cause containers to burst at elevated temperatures.
Flammability and Explosibility
Noncombustible. High vapor pressure may cause containers to burst at elevated temperatures.
Sicherheitsprofil
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic and tumorigenic data. A poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation and skin contact. A human skin irritant. Human mutation data reported. A strong narcotic and anesthetic. Explosive reaction with trialkylphosphines, silver chlorite. Violent reaction with oxygen (at 3000C), sodium. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of I-.
mögliche Exposition
Methyl iodide is used in fire extinguishers; as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and some pesticides.
Erste Hilfe
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek med-First Aid: If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek med-ical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, includ-ing resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medi-cal attention. If victim is conscious, administer water ormilk. Do not induce vomiting. Medical observation isrecommended for 24- -48 h after breathing overexposure, aspulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid for pulmo-nary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consideradministering a corticosteroid spray.Note to physician:Treatfor methemoglobinemia.Spectrophotometry may be required for precise determina-tion of levels of methemoglobin in urine.
Carcinogenicity
Druckrey et al. reported local sarcomas following weekly subcutaneous injection in BD strain rats. Strain A mice (a susceptible strain) that were injected with methyl iodide were reported to have a slight but significant increase in the number of lung tumors per mouse. Poirer et al. administered iodomethane dissolved in tricaprylin to male and female strain A mice (10/sex/dose) three times weekly by intraperitoneal injection. There was a marginally statistically significant trend for increased lung tumors in treated mice but the outcome was considered equivocal: no clear dose–response relationship and occurrence of spontaneous tumors in untreated mice.
Under the 2005 Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (121), the lack of available evidence suggests that there is “inadequate information to assess the carcinogenic potential for iodomethane.”
An early evaluation by the IARC classified iodomethane as carcinogenic in rats. Two subsequent evaluations (123, 124) determined that there is limited evidence for carcinogenicity in experimental animals and the compound is not classifiable regarding carcinogenicity to humans. ACGIH has also reviewed iodomethane carcinogenicity and classified it as category A2, suspected human carcinogen; however, the A2 classification was withdrawn in 1996. Iodomethane was delisted as a carcinogen in the NTP 5th Annual Report on Carcinogens on the basis of the 1986 IARC reevaluation. NTP has not tested iodomethane for carcinogenicity. The State of California determined under Proposition 65 that methyl iodide is a carcinogen, based on the 1977 IARC evaluation. Neither a Toxicological Profile nor an Environmental Health Criteria Monograph has been published.
Environmental Fate
Chemical/Physical. Anticipated products from the reaction of methyl iodide with ozone or OH radicals in the atmosphere are formaldehyde, iodoformaldehyde, carbon monoxide, and iodine radicals (Cupitt, 1980). With OH radicals, CH2, methyl radical, HOI and water are possible reaction products (Brown et al., 1990). The estimated half-life of methyl iodide in the atmosphere, based on a measured rate constant for the vapor phase reaction with OH radicals, ranges from 535 h to 32 wk (Garraway and Donovan, 1979).
Hydrolyzes in water forming methyl alcohol and hydriodic acid. The estimated half-life in water at 25 °C and pH 7 is 110 d (Mabey and Mill, 1978). At 70 °C, the hydrolysis rate was determined to be 3.2 x 10^-5/sec which is equivalent to a half-life of 6 h. (Glows and Wren, 2003). May react with chlorides in seawater to form methyl chloride (Zafiriou, 1975).
Lager
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with thischemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, wellventilated area away from oxidizers. Where possible, automatically pump liquid from drums or other storage containers to process containers. A regulated, marked area shouldbe established where this chemical is handled, used, orstored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.
Versand/Shipping
UN2644 Methyl iodide, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard, Inhalation Hazard Zone B
läuterung methode
Methyl iodide deteriorates rapidly with liberation of iodine if exposed to light. It is usually purified by shaking with dilute aqueous Na2S2O3 or NaHSO3 until colourless, then washing with water, dilute aqueous Na2CO3, and more water, drying with CaCl2 and distilling. It is stored in a brown bottle away from sunlight in contact with a small amount of mercury, powdered silver or copper. (Prolonged exposure of mercury to methyl iodide forms methylmercuric iodide.) Methyl iodide can be dried further using CaSO4 or P2O5. An alternative purification is by percolation through a column of silica gel or activated alumina, then distillation. The solution can be degassed by using a repeated freeze-pump-thaw cycle. [Beilstein 1 IV 87.]
Inkompatibilitäten
May form explosive mixture with air. Slowly reacts with water forming poisonous hydrogen iodide. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong reducing agents, strong bases; trialkylphosphines, silver chlorite; calcium, oxygen, sodium. Decomposes @ 270C. Halogenated aliphatic compounds are moderately or very reactive. Halogenated organics generally become less reactive as more of their hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms. Low molecular weight haloalkanes are highly flammable and can react with some metals to form dangerous products. Materials in this group are incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they are incompatible with many amines, alkylphosphines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals (sodium), and epoxides
Waste disposal
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal

Iodomethane Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Methyljodid Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

74-88-4, Iodomethane Verwandte Suche:

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