2,2'-Dichlor-diethylether

Bezeichnung:2,2'-Dichlor-diethylether

CAS-Nr111-44-4

Englisch Name:2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether

CBNumberCB6374619

SummenformelC4H8Cl2O

Molgewicht143.01

MOL-Datei111-44-4.mol

Synonyma

Bis(2-chlorethyl)ether

2,2'-Dichlor-diethylether

Dichlorethylether

2,2'-Dichlor-diethylether physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	−47 °C(lit.)
Siedepunkt	65-67 °C15 mm Hg(lit.)
Dichte	1.22 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Dampfdruck	0.4 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.456(lit.)
Flammpunkt	131 °F
storage temp.	Store at <= 20°C.
Löslichkeit	0.01g/l
Aggregatzustand	Colorless liquid
Farbe	Colorless to Almost colorless
Geruch (Odor)	Sweet, like chloroform.
Explosionsgrenze	0.8%(V)
Wasserlöslichkeit	Slightly soluble. 1.72 g/100 mL
Merck	14,3066
BRN	605317
Henry's Law Constant	(x 10^-5 atm?m³/mol): 124.7, 15.8, 72.0, 12.5, and 1.38 at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C, respectively (EPICS, Howe et al., 1987)
Expositionsgrenzwerte	NIOSH REL: TWA 5 ppm (30 mg/m3), STEL 10 ppm, IDLH 100 ppm; OSHA PEL: C 15 ppm (90 mg/m3); ACGIH TLV: TWA 30 mg/m3, STEL 60 mg/m3.
Dielectric constant	20.789999999999999
Stabilität	Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey	ZNSMNVMLTJELDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP	1.12-1.56 at 20℃
CAS Datenbank	111-44-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC	3 (Vol. 9, Sup 7, 71) 1999
NIST chemische Informationen	Beta,beta'-dichloroethyl ether(111-44-4)
EPA chemische Informationen	Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether (111-44-4)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	T+,T,F
R-Sätze:	10-26/27/28-40-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
S-Sätze:	27-28-36/37-45-7/9-28A-16
RIDADR	UN 1916 6.1/PG 2
OEB	A
OEL	TWA: 5 ppm (30 mg/m3), STEL: 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) [skin]
WGK Germany	2
RTECS-Nr.	KN0875000
Selbstentzündungstemperatur	365 °C
TSCA	Yes
HazardClass	6.1
PackingGroup	II
HS Code	29091900
Giftige Stoffe Daten	111-44-4(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität	LD50 orally in rats: 75 mg/kg (Smyth, Carpenter)
IDLA	100 ppm

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
KLARE, FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Bildung explosionsfähiger Peroxide bei Kontakt mit Luft und Licht. Zersetzung beim Verbrennen oder bei Kontakt mit Wasser unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Chlorwasserstoff. Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln. Reagiert sehr heftig mit Chlorsulfonsäure und Oleum.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 5 ppm (als TWA); 10 ppm (als STEL); Hautresorption; Krebskategorie A4 (nicht klassifizierbar als krebserzeugend für den Menschen); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 10 ppm, 59 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor I(1); Hautresorption; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Atemwege. Inhalation des Dampfes kann zu Lungenödem führen (s.Anm.). Exposition weit oberhalb der Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte kann zum Tod führen. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verzögert ein. ärztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann Dermatitis hervorrufen.
LECKAGE
Belüftung. Zündquellen entfernen. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Chemikalienschutzanzug.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R10:Entzündlich.
R26/27/28:Sehr giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S27:Beschmutzte, getränkte Kleidung sofort ausziehen.
S28:Bei Berührung mit der Haut sofort abwaschen mit viel . . . (vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S7/9:Behälter dicht geschlossen an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
Aussehen Eigenschaften
C4H8Cl2O.
(Dichlordiethylether, Bis(2-chlorethyl)ether, Chlorex).
Gelbliche bis farblose, wasserunlösliche, sehr giftige Flüssigkeit mit chloroformartigem Geruch.
Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt
Gefährliche Reaktionen mit Alkalihydroxiden und NaNH2. Entzündlich. Kann explosive Peroxide bilden. Dämpfe viel schwerer als Luft, bilden mit Luft explosionsfähiges Gemisch.
Reizungen nach Augenkontakt. Schleimhautreizungen, Husten und Atemnot nach Einatmen. Höhere Konzentrationen bewirken nach mehrstündiger Latenzzeit ein lebensbedrohendes Lungenödem. Gefahr der Hautresorption. Irreversibler Schaden möglich. Leber- und Nierenfunktionsstörungen sind möglich.
Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln
Aufbewahrung: dicht verschlossen, kühl, unter Lichtschutz.
Schutzhandschuhe (nur als kurzzeitiger Spritzschutz).
Vorbeugender Hautschutz (Arbeitsschutzcreme) wird empfohlen.
Verhalten im Gefahrfall
Mit flüssigkeitbindendem Material, z.B. Rench-Rapid, aufnehmen. Dämpfe nicht einatmen.
CO₂, Wasser, Pulver.
Erste Hilfe
Nach Hautkontakt: Mit viel Wasser abwaschen.
Nach Augenkontakt: Mit viel Wasser bei geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 15 Min. spülen. Augenarzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Einatmen: Frischluft. Ggf. Atemspende oder Gerätebeatmung. Arzt!
Nach Verschlucken: Gabe von Paraffin liq., Erbrechen vermeiden (Aspirationsgefahr). Sofort Arzt hinzuziehen!
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung sofort ausziehen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag
Sachgerechte Entsorgung
Nach Verdünnung als Sondermüll (halogenhaltige Lösungsmittel) entsorgen.
Beschreibung
Dichloroethyl ether is a clear, colorless liquidwith a pungent, fruity odor. It is also described as having achlorinated solvent-like odor. Molecular weight=143.02;Boiling point=176-178℃; Flash point=55℃;Autoignition temperature=369℃; Explosive limits:LEL=2.7%; UEL=unknown. Hazard Identification(based on NFPA-704 M Rating System): Health 3,Flammability 2, Reactivity 1. Insoluble in water.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Dichloroethyl ether is a clear, colorless liquid. Pungent, fruity odor. It is also described as having a chlorinated solvent-like odor.
Chemische Eigenschaften
colourless liquid
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Colorless to pale yellow volatile liquid with a pungent, fruity, chlorinated-like odor. The low odor and high odor threshold concentrations were 90.0 and 2,160 mg/m³, respectively (Ruth, 1986).
Verwenden
Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether (BCEE) is used as ascouring agent for textiles; as a dewaxingagent for lubricating oils; as a soil fumigant;as a solvent for resins, oils, and lacquers; andin organic synthesis.
Verwenden
Soil fumigant; acaricide.
Verwenden
Reagent for organic synthesis; solvent. Has been used as a scouring agent for textiles; as soil fumigant.
Definition
ChEBI: Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether is an ether.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with a sweet pleasant or nauseating odor. Flash point 131°F. Denser than water and insoluble in water. Toxic by inhalation and skin absorption. Used in cleaning compounds, paints, textile finishing, and as a general solvent.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Flammable. Insoluble in water. Reacts slowly with water to form HCl. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154].
Reaktivität anzeigen
2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether may form phosgene or hydrogen when heated to high temperature. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154]. Mixing in equal molar portions with the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid and oleum [NFPA 1991].
Health Hazard
2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether is very toxic; the probable oral lethal dose is 50-500 mg/kg, or between 1 teaspoonful and 1 ounce for a 150 pound person. It can be a central nervous system depressant in high concentrations. It is extremely irritating to the eyes, nose, and respiratory passages. It can penetrate the skin to cause serious and even fatal poisoning. Poisonous; may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin.
Health Hazard
BCEE is an acute toxic compound withcancer-causing properties. The toxic routesare inhalation, ingestion, and absorptionthrough the skin. Exposure to its vaporscaused irritation of the eyes, nose, and res piratory tracts in test animals. Exposure to aconcentration of 250 ppm in air for 4 hoursproved lethal to rats (ACGIH 1986). At alower concentration, it caused delayed deathfollowing damage to lungs. Other organsaffected to a lesser degree were the liver,kidneys, and brain.
The irritant action of BCEE on the eyesvaried from mild to severe. In humans,contact of pure liquid can cause conjunctivalirritation and injury to the cornea. On theskin, its irritation effect is mild. However,on prolonged contact, the liquid may beabsorbed through the skin and manifest toxiceffects
Ingestion of this compound in smallamounts may produce nausea and vomiting.An oral dose of 50–75 mL is expected to befatal to humans
LC50 value, inhalation (rats): 330 mg (56ppm)/m³/4 hr
LD50 value, oral (rats): 75 mg/kg
LD50 value, skin (guinea pigs): 300 mg/kg
LD50 value, skin (guinea pigs): 300 mg/kg.
Brandgefahr
May form phosgene or hydrogen chloride in fires. There is danger of explosion when ethers are heated or exposed to flames or sparks. Ethers tend to form peroxides; when ethers containing peroxides are heated, they can detonate. May be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Container may explode in heat of fire. Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Decomposes in the presence of moisture to form hydrochloric acid. Emits toxic fumes when heated to decomposition. Reacts vigorously with oleum and chlorosulfonic acid. Ethers tend to form peroxides upon standing. Heating peroxide-containing ethers can cause detonation.
Flammability and Explosibility
Not classified
Chemische Reaktivität
Reactivity with Water : No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: V; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Sicherheitsprofil
A poison by ingestion, skin contact, and inhalation. A skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant. Questionable carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Mutation data reported. Exposure to 1000 ppm for 30 to 60 minutes may result in death within days. The odor is easily detectable at 35 ppm whch causes only slight irritation. Flammable liquid when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidants. Dangerous explosion hazard; reacts vigorously with oleum, chlorosulfonic acid. Reacts with water or steam to evolve toxic and corrosive fumes. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use water, foam, mist, fog, spray, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-. See also ETHERS.
mögliche Exposition
Dichloroethyl ether is used as a soil fumigant, an insecticide, and an acaricide; in the manufacture of paint, varnish, lacquer, soap, and finish removers. It is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, naphthalenes, oils, fats, waxes, greases, pectin, tar, and gum; in dry cleaning and in textile scouring.
Erste Hilfe
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.Medical observation is recommended for 24-48 h afterbreathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may bedelayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor orauthorized paramedic may consider administering a corticosteroid spray.
Source
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether does not occur naturally in the environment. In Canada, this compound enters the environment as a by-product from chlorination of waste streams containing ethylene, propylene (Environment Canada, 1993) or ethyl ether (quoted, Verschueren, 1983).
Environmental Fate
Biological. When 5 and 10 mg/L of bis(2-chloroethyl)ether were statically incubated in the dark at 25°C with yeast extract and settled domestic wastewater inoculum, complete degradation was observed after 7 days (Tabak et al., 1981).
Chemical/Physical. Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether is subject to hydrolysis (Enfield and Yates, 1990; NIOSH, 1994). The hydrolysis rate constant for bis(2-chloroethyl)ether at pH 7 and 25°C was determined to be 2.6 × 10–5/hour, resulting in a half-life o
Emits chlorinated acids when incinerated (Sittig, 1985).
Lager
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with BCEEyou should be trained on its proper handling and storage.Before entering confined space where this chemical may bepresent, check to make sure that an explosive concentrationdoes not exist. Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether must be stored toavoid contact with strong oxidizers, such as chlorine, bromine, and chlorine dioxide, since violent reactions occur,and moisture. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool,dry, well-ventilated area away from heat. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames are prohibited wherebis (2-chloroethyl) ether is used, handled, or stored in amanner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard. A regulated, marked area should be established wherethis chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance withOSHA Standard 1910.1045.
Versand/Shipping
UN1916 2,20 -Dichlorodiethyl ether, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, 3-Flammable liquid
läuterung methode
Wash the ether with conc H2SO4, then Na2CO3 solution, dry with anhydrous Na2CO3, and finally pass it through a 50cm column of activated alumina before distillation. Altern
Inkompatibilitäten
Contact with moisture caused decomposition producing hydrochloric acid. Can form peroxides. May form explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosion hazard. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture
Waste disposal
A potential candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1600C and a residence time 0.1 to 2 seconds. Also, a potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1600C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. Also, a potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≧100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal

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