2-Methylpentan

Bezeichnung:2-Methylpentan

CAS-Nr107-83-5

Englisch Name:2-methylpentane

CBNumberCB5852723

SummenformelC6H14

Molgewicht86.18

MOL-Datei107-83-5.mol

Synonyma

2-Methylpentan

Isohexan

Dimethylpropylmethan

2-Methylpentan physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	-154 °C (lit.)
Siedepunkt	62 °C (lit.)
Dichte	0.653 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Dampfdichte	3 (vs air)
Dampfdruck	6.77 psi ( 37.7 °C)
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.371(lit.)
Flammpunkt	−10 °F
storage temp.	Store below +30°C.
Löslichkeit	0.14g/l
Aggregatzustand	Liquid
Farbe	Clear colorless
Explosionsgrenze	1.2-7.4%(V)
Odor Threshold	7ppm
Wasserlöslichkeit	Miscible with alcohol, ether, acetone and chloroform. Immiscible with water.
BRN	1730735
Henry's Law Constant	0.697, 0.694, 0.633, 0.825, and 0.848 (atm?m³/mol)at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C, respectively (EPICS, Ashworth et al., 1988)
Expositionsgrenzwerte	ACGIH TLV: TWA and STEL for all isomers except n-hexane are 500 and 1,000 ppm, respectively (adopted).
Dielectric constant	1.8899999999999999
Stabilität	Stable. Highly flammable. Gas/vapour mixtures explosive at some concentrations.
LogP	3.214 at 25℃ and pH7
CAS Datenbank	107-83-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA chemische Informationen	2-Methylpentane (107-83-5)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	F,Xn,N
R-Sätze:	11-38-51/53-65-67
S-Sätze:	9-16-29-33-61-62
RIDADR	UN 1208 3/PG 2
OEB	A
OEL	TWA: 100.0 ppm; 350.0 mg/m3, STEL: 510.0 ppm; 1800.0 mg/m3
WGK Germany	2
RTECS-Nr.	SA2985000
Selbstentzündungstemperatur	583 °F
TSCA	Yes
HazardClass	3
PackingGroup	II
HS Code	29012990
Giftige Stoffe Daten	107-83-5(Hazardous Substances Data)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

2-methylpentane Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft und können sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung möglich. Fließen, Schütten o.ä. kann zu elektrostatischer Aufladung führen.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert sehr heftig mit Oxidationsmitteln unter Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Greift Kunststoff an.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV (als Hexan, andere Isomere): 500 ppm (als TWA); 1000 mg/m?(als STEL); (ACGIH 2008).
MAK (Alle Hexanisomeren außer n-Hexan): 500 ppm 1800 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor II(2); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe D (DFG 2008).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe und über die Haut.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
LECKAGE
Belüftung. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R38:Reizt die Haut.
R51/53:Giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R65:Gesundheitsschädlich: kann beim Verschlucken Lungenschäden verursachen.
R67:Dämpfe können Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S9:Behälter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S29:Nicht in die Kanalisation gelangen lassen.
S33:Maßnahmen gegen elektrostatische Aufladungen treffen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S62:Bei Verschlucken kein Erbrechen herbeiführen. Sofort ärztlichen Rat einholen und Verpackung oder dieses Etikett vorzeigen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
2-Methylpentane (isohexane), C6H14, is a flammable liquid with a specific gravity of 0.653. It occurs naturally in petroleum and gas and as a plant volatile. It is found in sources associated with petroleum products such as petroleum manufacture, natural gas, turbines, and automobiles.
Chemische Eigenschaften
colourless liquid
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, colorless, very flammable liquid with an odor similar to hexane. An odor threshold concentration of 8.9 ppm_v was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).
Verwenden
Organic synthesis, solvent.
Verwenden
2-Methylpentane is employed as a raw material, rubber solvent and vegetable oil extraction solvent. It is also used as a solvent in adhesives. Further, it is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis and finds application in food, preservatives, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, beverages and flavor enhancer.
Verwenden
2-Methylpentane is mainly used in studies involving the functionalization of aliphatic C–H bonds using different carbene insertion processes to form C–H insertion products. The metal-free Ritter-type amination reaction of tertiary C–H bond using iodic acid as an oxidant in the presence of N-hydroxyphthalimide has also been reported.
Definition
ChEBI: 2-Methylpentane is an alkane.
Vorbereitung Methode
Isohexane is manufactured by fractional distillation of gasoline derived from crude oil or liquid product derived from natural gas.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Watery liquid with a gasoline-like odor, Floats on water. Produces an irritating vapor.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as ISOHEXENE, may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring of the hydrocarbon may occur followed by ignition of unreacted hydrocarbon and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons are mostly unreactive. They are not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents.
Hazard
Flammable, dangerous fire risk, reacts vig-orously with oxidizing materials.
Health Hazard
Inhalation causes irritation of respiratory tract, cough, mild depression, cardiac arrhythmias. Aspiration causes severe lung irritation, coughing, pulmonary edema; excitement followed by depression. Ingestion causes nausea, vomiting, swelling of abdomen, headache, depression.
Source
Schauer et al. (1999) reported 2-methylpentane in a diesel-powered medium-duty truck exhaust at an emission rate of 930 μg/km.
A constituent in gasoline. Harley et al. (2000) analyzed the headspace vapors of three grades of unleaded gasoline where ethanol was added to replace methyl tert-butyl ether. The gasoline vapor concentrations of 2-methylpentane in the headspace were 9.3 wt % for regular grade, 9.8 wt % for mid-grade, and 10.4 wt % for premium grade.
Schauer et al. (2001) measured organic compound emission rates for volatile organic compounds, gas-phase semi-volatile organic compounds, and particle-phase organic compounds from the residential (fireplace) combustion of pine, oak, and eucalyptus. The gas-phase emission rate of 2-methylpentane was 8.6 mg/kg of pine burned. Emission rates of 2-methylpentane were not measured during the combustion of oak and eucalyptus.
California Phase II reformulated gasoline contained 2-methylpentane at a concentration of 36.9 g/kg. Gas-phase tailpipe emission rates from gasoline-powered automobiles with and without catalytic converters were 6.31 and 827 mg/km, respectively (Schauer et al., 2002).
Reported as an impurity (0.1 wt %) in 99.0–99.7 wt % 2,3-dimethylbutane (Chevron Phillips, 2004).
Environmental Fate
Photolytic. When synthetic air containing gaseous nitrous acid and 2-methylpentane was exposed to artificial sunlight (λ = 300–450 nm), acetone, propionaldehyde, peroxyacetal nitrate, peroxypropionyl nitrate, and possibly two isomers of hexyl nitrate and propyl nitrate formed as products (Cox et al., 1980).
Based on a photooxidation rate constant of 5.6 x 10^-12 cm³/molecule?sec for the reaction of 2- methylpentane and OH radicals, the atmospheric lifetime is 25 h (Altshuller, 1991).
Chemical/Physical: Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water vapor. 2- Methylpentane will not hydrolyze because it does not contain a hydrolyzable functional group.
läuterung methode
Purify it by azeotropic distillation with MeOH, followed by washing out the MeOH with water, drying (CaCl2, then sodium), and distilling it. [Forziati et al. J Res Nat Bur Stand 36 129 1946.]

2-methylpentane Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

2-Methylpentan Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

107-83-5, 2-methylpentane Verwandte Suche:

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