Chloracetonitril

Bezeichnung:Chloracetonitril

CAS-Nr107-14-2

Englisch Name:Chloroacetonitrile

CBNumberCB5852703

SummenformelC2H2ClN

Molgewicht75.5

MOL-Datei107-14-2.mol

Synonyma

Chloracetonitril

Chloressigs?urenitril

Monochloracetonitril

Chloracetonitril physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	38℃
Siedepunkt	124-126 °C (lit.)
Dichte	1.193 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Dampfdichte	3 (vs air)
Dampfdruck	1.78 psi ( 20 °C)
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.422(lit.)
Flammpunkt	118 °F
storage temp.	2-8°C
Löslichkeit	Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate
Aggregatzustand	Liquid
Farbe	Clear colorless
Wasserlöslichkeit	INSOLUBLE
BRN	506028
Expositionsgrenzwerte	NIOSH: IDLH 14 ppm(25 mg/m3)
Dielectric constant	30.0
Stabilität	Stable, but reacts with water. Combustible. Incompatible with water, moisture, strong oxidizing agents, acids.
InChIKey	RENMDAKOXSCIGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP	0.45
CAS Datenbank	107-14-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC	3 (Vol. 52, 71) 1999
NIST chemische Informationen	Acetonitrile, chloro-(107-14-2)
EPA chemische Informationen	Chloroacetonitrile (107-14-2)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	T,N
R-Sätze:	23/24/25-51/53
S-Sätze:	45-61
RIDADR	UN 2668 6.1/PG 2
WGK Germany	3
RTECS-Nr.	AL8225000
TSCA	Yes
HazardClass	6.1
PackingGroup	II
HS Code	29269095
Giftige Stoffe Daten	107-14-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
IDLA	14 ppm

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Chloroacetonitrile Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT STECHENDEM GERUCH.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung giftiger und entzündlicher Dämpfe mit Cyanwasserstoff. Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln, Reduktionsmitteln, Säuren, Basen, Wasserdampf unter Bildung hochgiftiger und entzündlicher Rauche.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt.
MAK nicht festgelegt.
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf die Zellatmung mit nachfolgender Zyanose. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verzögert ein. ärztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
LECKAGE
Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen! Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R51/53:Giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
A clear, colorless liquid. Pungent odor. Chloroacetonitrile [107-14-2], chloromethanenitrile, chloromethyl cyanide, ClCH2CN, Mr 75.50, bp 124 – 126℃, d204 1.1896, n20D 1.426, is a colorless liquid with pungent odor. It is miscible with hydrocarbons and ethanol; immiscible with water. Chloroacetonitrile can be selectively obtained by the photochemical chlorination of acetonitrile with chlorine in the presence of, for example, SnCl4. Another method is based on the dehydration of chloroacetamide with, e.g., phosphorous pentoxide. Chloroacetonitrile is used as an organic intermediate, e.g., in the synthesis of the cardiovascular drug guanethidine [36] and the insecticide fenoxycarb.
Verwenden
Fumigant, intermediate.
Verwenden
Chloroacetonitrile is used in the electrochemical synthesis of cyanoacetic acid with carbon dioxide. It is involved in phase-transfer-catalyzed Darzen's condensation reaction with cyclohexanone. It is also used as an eluent additive in thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Further, it is used to prepare polysubstituted pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole by reacting with other reactant such as malononitrile, aromatic aldehyde and pyridine.
synthetische
In a 3-L round-bottomed, threenecked flask fitted with an efficient mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a thermometer were placed phosphorus pentoxide (170 g, 1.2 mol), chloroacetamide 1423 (187 g, 2 mol), and dry technical grade trimethylbenzene (800 mL). The mixture was gently refluxed with vigorous stirring for 1 h. It was then allowed to cool to about 100 C° with continuous stirring, and the reflux condenser was replaced with a distillation head fitted with a thermometer and a water-cooled condenser. The crude product and part of the solvent were distilled at atmospheric pressure. The yield of crude product boiling at 124–128 C° was 121–131 g (80–87%). In order to obtain a pure product, the crude chloroacetonitrile was mixed with phosphorus pentoxide (10 g) and redistilled through an efficient packed fractionating column. The yield of pure chloroacetonitrile distilling at 123–124 C° was 93–106 g (62–70%).
Definition
ChEBI: Chloroacetonitrile is a nitrile.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Flash point 118°F. Insoluble in water and denser than water. Hence, sinks in water. Very toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. A lachrymator. Used to make other chemicals and as a fumigant.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Flammable. Insoluble in water and denser than water. Hence, sinks in water. Reacts with water and steam to produce toxic vapors of hydrogen chloride.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Chloroacetonitrile reacts with water, steam, strong acids or acid fumes to produce toxic vapors of hydrogen chloride. When heated to decomposition, Chloroacetonitrile emits highly toxic fumes of hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen chloride [Sax, 2nd ed., 1963, p. 600].
Hazard
Irritant. Questionable carcinogen.
Health Hazard
TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Brandgefahr
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by ingestion, skin contact, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation. A skin irritant. Human mutation data reported. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Flammable liquid. See also NITRILES. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Cl-, NOx, and CN-.
mögliche Exposition
A chlorinated haloacetonitrile used as a fumigant and as a manufacturing chemical intermediate for making other chemicals
Versand/Shipping
UN2668 Chloroaceto nitrile Hazard class: 6.1, Labels: 6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard, 3-Flammable liquid Inhalation Hazard Zone B.
läuterung methode
Reflux it with P2O5 for one day, then distil it through a helices-packed column. Also purified by gas chromatography. [Beilstein 2 IV 492.] LACHRYMATOR, HIGHLY TOXIC.
Inkompatibilitäten
Highly flammable, forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Reacts with water and steam, releasing toxic and corrosive vapors of hydrogen chloride. Nitriles may polymerize in the presence of metals and some metal compounds. They are incompatible with acids; mixing nitriles with strong oxidizing acids can lead to extremely violent reactions. Nitriles are generally incompatible with other oxidizing agents such as peroxides and epoxides. The combination of bases and nitriles can produce hydrogen cyanide. Nitriles are hydrolyzed in both aqueous acid and base to give carboxylic acids (or salts of carboxylic acids). These reactions generate heat. Peroxides convert nitriles to amides. Nitriles can react vigorously low aqueous solubility. They are also insoluble in aqueous acids. with reducing agents. Acetonitrile and propionitrile are soluble in water, but nitriles higher than propionitrile have
Waste disposal
Use a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

Chloroacetonitrile Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Chloracetonitril Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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