Lithiumcarbonat

Bezeichnung:Lithiumcarbonat

CAS-Nr554-13-2

Englisch Name:Lithium carbonate

CBNumberCB5852228

SummenformelCLi2O3

Molgewicht73.89

MOL-Datei554-13-2.mol

Synonyma

Lithiumcarbonat

Kohlens?ure Lithiumsalz

Dilithiumcarbonat

Lithiumcarbonat physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	720 °C
Siedepunkt	1342 °C(lit.)
Dichte	2.11 g/mL at 25 °C
Flammpunkt	1310°C
storage temp.	Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Löslichkeit	13g/l
Aggregatzustand	wire
pka	pKa 6.38 (Uncertain);10.25 (Uncertain)
Wichte	2.11
Farbe	White
PH	10-11 (5g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Geruch (Odor)	odorless
Wasserlöslichkeit	13 g/L (20 ºC)
Merck	14,5527
Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)	pKsp: 1.6
BRN	3999191
BCS Class	1
InChIKey	XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L
LogP	-0.809 (est)
CAS Datenbank	554-13-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen	Lithium carbonate(554-13-2)
EPA chemische Informationen	Lithium carbonate (554-13-2)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	Xn,C,F
R-Sätze:	36/38-41-36/37/38-22-36-34-20/21/22-15-14-11
S-Sätze:	8-43-45-37/39-26-36/37-24/25-36/37/39-16-7/8-3/7/9
WGK Germany	2
RTECS-Nr.	OJ5800000
F	10
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	28369100
Giftige Stoffe Daten	554-13-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität	LD50 orally in rats: 0.71 g/kg (Smyth)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Lithium carbonate Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
WEISSES PULVER.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Schwache Base in wässriger Lösung. Reagiert sehr heftig mit Fluor.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystemund die Nieren. Kann fruchtbarkeitsschädigend oder entwicklungsschädigend wirken.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste mit viel Wasser wegspülen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P2-Filter für schädliche Partikel.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
R41:Gefahr ernster Augenschäden.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R36:Reizt die Augen.
R34:Verursacht Verätzungen.
R20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R15:Reagiert mit Wasser unter Bildung hochentzündlicher Gase.
R14:Reagiert heftig mit Wasser.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S8:Behälter trocken halten.
S43:Zum Löschen . . . (vom Hersteller anzugeben) verwenden (wenn Wasser die Gefahr erhöht, anfügen: "Kein Wasser verwenden").
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S7/8:Behälter trocken und dicht geschlossen halten.
Beschreibung
Lithium carbonate is a white hygroscopicpowder. Molecular weight = 73.89; Boiling point = 1310℃(decomposes below BP); Freezing/Meltingpoint = 618-735℃. Hazard Identification (based onNFPA-704 M Rating System): Health 1, Flammability 0,Reactivity 1. Slightly soluble in water.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Lithium carbonate is a white hygroscopic powder.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
White monoclinic crystals; refractive index 1.428; density 2.11 g/cm³; melts at 723°C; decomposes at 1,310°C; low solubility in water (1.54 g/100g) at 0°C; 1.32 g//100g at 20°C), solubility decrease with temperature (0.72g/100g at 100°C); insoluble in acetone and ethanol.
Verwenden
Lithium carbonate is used as a compound for producing metallic lithium. Lithium carbonate is the result of treating the mineral spodumene with sulfuric acid and then adding calcium carbonate. It is used as an antidepressant.
Verwenden
In the production of glazes on ceramic and electrical porcelain.
Verwenden
The most common lithium drug is lithium carbonate, which possesses antimania action. It is presumed that lithium alters the transport of sodium ions in neurons, thus influencing the intercellular contents of catecholamines, normalizing the mental state and not causing general lethargy. It is used for mania conditions of various origins, preventative measures, and for treating affective psychoses.
Indications
Lithium inhibits thyroidal incorporation of I^- into Tg, as well as the secretion of thyroid hormones, but it does not inhibit the activity of the Na⁺-I^- symporter or the accumulation of I^- within the thyroid. Lithium offers no particular advantage over drugs of the thionamide class but may be employed for temporary control of thyrotoxicosis in patients who are allergic to both thionamides and iodide.
synthetische
Lithium carbonate is prepared by the precipitation of lithium ion by carbonate ion from an aqueous solution. Still another process, which is carried out on a smaller scale, is the reaction of a solution of lithium hydroxide with carbon dioxide gas. Lithium carbonate precipitates and is recovered from the supernatant solution.
Definition
lithium carbonate: A white solid,Li2CO3; r.d. 2.11; m.p. 723°C; decomposesabove 1310°C. It is producedcommercially by treating the ore with sulphuric acid at 250°C andleaching the product to give a solutionof lithium sulphate. The carbonateis then obtained by precipitationwith sodium carbonate solution.Lithium carbonate is used in the preventionand treatment of manicdepressivedisorders. It is also usedindustrially in ceramic glazes.
Trademarks
Eskalith (GlaxoSmithKline); Lithane (Bayer); Lithobid (JDS); Lithonate (Solvay Pharmaceuticals).
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Lithiumcarbonate (Eskalith, Lithane) and lithium citrate(Cibalith-S) are the salts commercially available in theUnited States.
Reaktivität anzeigen
A base. Decomposed by acids with the evolution of carbon dioxide. Fluorine burns fiercely on contact with Lithium carbonate.
Flammability and Explosibility
Non flammable
Clinical Use
Treatment and prophylaxis of mania, manic depressive illness, and recurrent depression
Aggressive or self-mutilating behaviour
Nebenwirkungen
Drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness, increased thirst, increased frequency of urination, weight gain, and mildly shaking hands (fine tremor) may occur. These should go away as your body adjusts to the medication. This medication may increase serotonin and rarely cause a very serious condition called serotonin syndrome/toxicity. The risk increases if you are also taking other drugs that increase serotonin, so tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the drugs you take (see Drug Interactions section). Get medical help right away if you develop some of the following symptoms: fast heartbeat, hallucinations, loss of coordination, severe dizziness, severe nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, twitching muscles, unexplained fever, unusual agitation/restlessness.
Sicherheitsprofil
Human carcinogenic data. Poison by intraperitoneal and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: toxic psychosis, tremors, changes in fluid intake, muscle weakness, increased urine volume, nausea or vomiting, allergic dermatitis. Human reproductive effects by ingestion: effects on newborn, including Apgar score changes and other neonatal measures or effects. Human teratogenic effects by ingestion: developmental abnormalities of the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal systems. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Experimental carcinogen producing leukemia and thyroid tumors. Human mutation data reported. Used in the treatment of manic-depressive psychoses. Incompatible with fluorine. See also LITHIUM COMPOUNDS.
Synthese
Lithium carbonate is synthesized by reacting lithium salts with soda or potash, followed by purification of the salt, which is not readily soluble [75].
mögliche Exposition
Lithium carbonate is used in treatment of manic-depressive psychoses; to make ceramics and porcelain glaze; varnishes, dyes, pharmaceuticals, coating of arc-welding electrodes; battery alloys; nucleonics, luminescent paints; glass ceramics; lubricating greases; in aluminum production
Erste Hilfe
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.Medical observation is recommended for 24-48 h afterbreathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may bedelayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor orauthorized paramedic may consider administering a corticosteroid spray.
Lager
Store at RT
Versand/Shipping
UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required
läuterung methode
Crystallise it from water. Its solubility decreases as the temperature is raised. The solubility in H2O is 1.3% at ~10o, and 0.7% at ~100o. [D.nges in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 987 1963, Caley & Elving Inorg Synth I 1 1939.]
Inkompatibilitäten
The aqueous solution is a strong base. Reacts violently with acids, powdered calcium and fluorine.Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong acids, powdered calcium, fluorine, moisture. Corrodes aluminum, copper, zinc.

Lithium carbonate Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

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