(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE

Bezeichnung:(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE

CAS-Nr6989-98-6

Englisch Name:(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE

CBNumberCB5737132

SummenformelC37H44Cl2N2O7

Molgewicht699.67

MOL-Datei6989-98-6.mol

(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	275-280 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Dichte	1.2074 (rough estimate)
Brechungsindex	193 ° (C=1, H2O)
storage temp.	2-8°C
Löslichkeit	H2O: soluble50 mg/ml, with heating as required, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to yellow
Aggregatzustand	Crystalline powder
Farbe	White to Light yellow to Light orange
Optische Aktivität	[α]20/D +195±5°, c = 0.5% in H2O
Wasserlöslichkeit	Soluble in water to 50mg/ml, with warming as needed. Also soluble in ethanol or methanol
Sensitive	Air Sensitive
Merck	14,9807
BRN	3896374
Stabilität	Hygroscopic

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	T
R-Sätze:	25
S-Sätze:	45-36/37/39-22
RIDADR	UN 1544 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany	3
RTECS-Nr.	YO5100000
F	10-23
HazardClass	6.1
PackingGroup	III
HS Code	29349990

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R25:Giftig beim Verschlucken.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
Beschreibung
Tubocurarine chloride is the only naturally occurring neuromuscular blocking agent. It is derived from the bark of the South American plant chondrodendron tomentosum, which has been used for centuries by South American Indians as an arrow poison. I t was the first non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent to be used in humans. I t has a marked propensity to produce histamine release and thus hypotension, with possibly a compensatory tachycardia. Historically, tubocurarine, alcuronium and gallamine have been used in clinical practice, but they are no longer available in the UK. A lcuronium chloride is a semisynthetic derivative of toxiferin, an alkaloid of calabash curare. Gallamine triethiodide is a trisquaternary amine. It was first used in France in 1948. The only recent use of gallamine in the UK was as a small pretreatment dose (10 mg) before suxamethonium.
Chemische Eigenschaften
white to slightly yellowish powder
Originator
Mecostrin,Squibb,US,1946
Verwenden
Tubocurarine is used mainly in anesthesiology as a myorelaxant, causing prolonged muscle relaxation during an operation. Small doses are successful at causing temporary relaxation of skeletal muscle without any vital change of primary body functions. It is used particularly in endotracheal intubation or orthopedic surgery for repositioning fractures, resetting compound dislocations, and so on. The main synonyms are tubarine and curarine.
Verwenden
muscle relaxant (skeletal)
Verwenden
antibacterial
Manufacturing Process
The initial step involves extraction of the stems and bark of the plant Chondrodendron tomentosum with water as the solvent.
Producing substantially pure d-tubocurarine chloride essentially comprises treating with picric acid the quaternary-base fraction of a crude curare of the curarine type, hydrolyzing the resulting picrate in an emulsion of hydrochloric acid and a water-immiscible organic solvent for picric acid, recovering crystalline d-tubocurarine chloride from the aqueous phase, dissolving the d_x0002_tubocurarine chloride in a minimum of hot water, allowing the solution to stand at room temperature until the bulk of the d-tubocurarine chloride precipitates, adding sufficient concentrated hydrochloric acid to bring the HCl content up to about 6% and refrigerating the solution.
Therapeutic Function
Muscle relaxant
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Tubocurarine chloride,( )-tubocurarine chloride hydrochloride pentahydrate, isprepared from crude curare by a process of purification andcrystallization. Tubocurarine chloride occurs as a white oryellowish white to grayish white, odorless, crystalline powderthat is soluble in water. Aqueous solutions of it are stableto heat sterilization.
The structural formula for (+)-tubocurarine was longthought to be that of Ia (see structure diagram). Throughthe work of Everett et al.,the structure is now knownto be that of Ib. The monoquaternary nature of Ib thusrevealed has caused some reassessment of thinking concerningthe theoretical basis for the blocking action, becauseall had previously assumed a diquaternary structure(i.e., Ia). Nevertheless, this does not negate the earlierconclusions that a diquaternary nature of the molecule provides better blocking action than does a monoquaternarynature (e.g., Ib is approximately fourfold lesspotent than dimethyl tubocurarine iodide). Further, (+)-isotubocurarine chloride (Ic) has twice the activity of Ib inthe particular test used.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Tubocurarine is a muscle relaxant and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. It can induce neuromuscular blocking.

(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

(+)-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE PENTAHYDRATE Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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