Thyrotropin

TSH Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  This product is white or light yellow lyophilized powder, soluble in water. Stable at room temperature, rapidly inactivated when heated above 60℃, will not be inactivated within two weeks after dissolution and low temperature storage. Inactivated by protein hydrolysis enzymes, cystine, oxidizing agents (such as potassium permanganate, iodine). This product is extracted from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is composed of two peptide chains: α and β. TSH-α consists of 96 amino acids and has a molecular weight of about 13,600, and TSH-β contains 112-113 amino acids and has a molecular weight of about 14,700. TSH is not very specific, but when TSH from other animals is used in humans, the body is prone to produce antibodies that diminish its effect.TSH stimulates a series of processes such as iodine uptake by the thyroid gland, activation of iodine, synthesis of T3 and T4, hydrolysis of thyroglobulin, and release of T3 and T4. It also increases the uptake of glucose and amino acids by thyroid cells, enhances glucose oxidation, and strengthens RNA and protein synthesis; it also causes lipolysis of adipose tissue.The thyroid gland is hyperplastic and vascularized in the presence of excess TSH.The action of TSH is produced by its activation of adenylate cyclase in the thyroid gland, which generates cAMP as a second messenger.

• Verwenden

  Thyrogen (Genzyme).

• Verwenden

  Thyrotropic hormone from porcine pituitary can be used as a NCTC-135 medium supplement for isolating the thyroid cells which in turn is used for studying the impact of retinoids on non-transformed cells like thyrocytes. The product can also be used in cell proliferation experiment for studying the impact of increased IGF binding proteins 1 level on the function and growth of the thyroid gland in transgenic mice.

• Indications

  TSH, or thyrotropin, is a glycosylated protein of two subunits,  and . TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. Deficiencies are treated by giving thyroxine itself rather than TSH, but TSH is available for diagnostic purposes to differentiate between pituitary and thyroid gland failure as causes of hypothyroidism.

• Definition

  A hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It increases the rate of removal of iodine from the blood by the thyroid gland, synthesis of the thyroid hormone, and its release into the bloodstream. The thyrotropic hormone is a protein with a low molecular weight (about 10,000) that contains some carbohydrate.

• Trademarks

  Thyrotrophin is INN and BAN.

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  The thyrotropic hormone, also called thyrotropin and thyroidstimulatinghormone (TSH), is a glycoprotein consisting oftwo polypeptide chains. This hormone promotes productionof thyroid hormones by affecting the kinetics of the mechanismby which the thyroid concentrates iodide ions from thebloodstream, thereby promoting incorporation of the halogeninto the thyroid hormones and release of hormones by thethyroid.
  TSH (Thyropar) appears to be a glycoprotein (relativemolecular mass [Mr] 26,000–30,000) containing glucosamine,galactosamine, mannose, and fucose, whose homogeneityis yet to be established. It is produced by thebasophil cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.TSH enters the circulation from the pituitary, presumablytraversing cell membranes in the process. After exogenousadministration, it is widely distributed and disappears veryrapidly from circulation. Some evidence suggests that thethyroid may directly inactivate some of the TSH by an oxidationmechanism that may involve iodine. TSH thus inactivatedcan be reactivated by certain reducing agents.TSH regulates the production by the thyroid gland of thyroxine,which stimulates the metabolic rate. Thyroxinefeedback mechanisms regulate the production of TSH bythe pituitary gland.

• Biochem/physiol Actions

  Two-chain glycoprotein hormone. The α-chain is not active, biological specificity attributed rather to the β-chain. Activates adenylate cyclase in the thyroid gland, stimulating iodine uptake, thyroxine synthesis and release. Goitrogenic.

• Clinical Use

  Recombinant form of human thyroidstimulating hormone (rhTSH). Used diagnostically for serum thyroglobulin testing.

• Clinical Use

  TSH levels are measured as part of a thyroid function test in patients suspected of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism as the simplest and most sensitive indicator. Primary hypothyroidism/hypothyroidism is characterized by a high/low serum TSH concentration and a low/high serum free T4 concentration. Subclinical hypothyroidism/hypothyroidism is defined biochemically as a normal free T4 concentration in the presence of an increased/decreased TSH concentration. Central hypothyroidism is characterized by a low serum T4 concentration and a low or normal serum TSH concentration, whereas TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas may lead to the development of hyperthyroidism through a condition called the syndrome of the inappropriate secretion of TSH (SITSH). Recombinant human TSH is used in the follow up of patients with thyroid cancer to ablate the thyroid remnant following thyroid cancer surgery, and to obtain reliable diagnostic test results for the recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer.

• Veterinary Drugs and Treatments

  The labeled indications for the formerly available veterinary product Dermathycin (Mallinckrodt) was for “the treatment of acanthosis nigricans and for temporary supportive therapy in hypothyroidism in dogs.” In actuality however, TSH is used in veterinary medicine principally as a diagnostic agent in the TSH stimulation test to diagnose primary hypothyroidism.

Thyrotropin Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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