Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Warnung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H315：Verursacht Hautreizungen.

  H319：Verursacht schwere Augenreizung.

  H335：Kann die Atemwege reizen.

• Sicherheit

  P261：Einatmen von Staub vermeiden.

  P264：Nach Gebrauch gründlich waschen.

  P264：Nach Gebrauch gründlich waschen.

  P271：Nur im Freien oder in gut belüfteten Räumen verwenden.

  P280：Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.

  P302+P352：BEI BERÜHRUNG MIT DER HAUT: Mit viel Wasser/... (Hersteller kann, falls zweckmäßig, ein Reinigungsmittel angeben oder, wenn Wasser eindeutig ungeeignet ist, ein alternatives Mittel empfehlen) waschen.

  P305+P351+P338：BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• Beschreibung

  Spectinomycin was found in the culture broth of Streptomyces spectabilis by Upjohn Co. in 1961. This antibiotic was intended for use in treating various infections, as are the other aminoglycoside antibiotics, but its activity is insufficient for clinical efficacy except against gonorrhea. Spectinomycin does not develop crossresistance with any other antibiotic and shows low toxicity; it is used by deep intramuscular injection for “single-session,” bolusinjection therapy of gonorrhea.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  White or almost white, slightly hygroscopic powder.

• Originator

  Trobicin,Upjohn,US,1971

• Verwenden

  Spectinomycin is an aminocyclitol antibiotic produced by S. spectabilis that is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Spectinomycin inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit and interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation. Mutations in the gene for ribosomal protein S5 prevents binding of spectinomycin and contributes to bacterial resistance.

• Verwenden

  Aminocyclotol antibacterial.

• Verwenden

  Spectinomycin Dihydrochloride Pentahydrate is a new animal drug application (ANADA) administered in the drinking water of chickens as an aid in the control of airsacculitis; Also, it is an aminocylcitol antibiotic.

• Definition

  ChEBI: A hydrate that is the pentahydrate form of spectinomycin hydrochloride. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used to treat gonorrhea.

• Manufacturing Process

  A lyophilized culture of Streptomyces spectabilis, NRRL 2792, was used to seed the following sterile agar medium on tubed slants:Tryptone 5 K2HPO4 0.5 NaCl 0.5 FeSO4 0.1 Agar 20
  Deionized water to make 1 liter
  The slants were incubated for 7 days at 30°C, after which time sporulation was complete. The spores from the agar slants were used, in an aqueous suspension, to inoculate 100 ml of preseed medium in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask. The sterile preseed medium consisted of:
  Grams Dried whole yeast 10 Glucose 10 Pancreatic digest of 5 casein (N-Z-Amine B)
  Tap water to make 1 liter adjusted to pH 7.2 before sterilizing
  The seed flash was incubated for 24 hours at 32°C on a reciprocating shaker after which it was used as an inoculum for a 20 liter seed fermenter in the amount of approximately 5%. the 20 liter seed fermenter contained a sterile medium consisting of:
  Grams Glucose 15 Cornstarch 25 Distiller's solubles 15 Brewer's yeast 10 Corn steep liquor 20
  Tap water to make 1 liter adjusted to pH 7.2 before sterilizing
  The 20 liter seed fermenter was incubated for 24 hours at 32°C and aerated at the rate of 6 standard liters or about 0.2 standard cubic feet of air per minute and agitated with a sweep stirrer. The 20 liter seed fermenter was used to inoculate 250 liters of the same medium in a 100 gallon fermentation tank. 1,200 ml of lard oil were added during the fermentation to control foaming. The tank was agitated with a propeller and aerated at the rate of 75 standard liters of air per minute. After 96 hours of fermentation the beer assayed 500 mcg/ml (18.3 mcg/mg on a dry basis) of actinospectacin. Actinospectacin is assayed by its activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae by standard agar diffusion procedure and based on crystalline actinospectacin sulfate according to US Patent 3,234,092.

• Therapeutic Function

  Antibacterial

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  A broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic that contains two glucose moieties. Footprint studies indicate that spectinomycin exerts regional effects on ribosomal structure. A resistance gene (aph) which encodes a spectinomycin has been cloned from Legionella pneumophila (disease agent for Legionnaire’s disease) kinase and expressed in E. coli. Potency: ≥500 μg/mg.

• Biologische Aktivität

  spectinomycin is an aminocyclitol antibiotic produced by s. spectabilis with activity against gram-negative bacterial species. spectinomycin has been used for the treatment of gonorrhea, where it inhibits microbial protein synthesis by binding to the 30s ribosomal subunit, protects the n‐7 position of e. coli 16s rrna residue g1064 from methylation by dimethyl sulfate. binding of spectinomycin at this location is thought to stabilize helix 34, inhibiting the binding of elongation factor g, thereby blocking translocation of peptidyl‐trnas from the ribosomal a site to the p site [1].spectinomycin selectively inhibited protein synthesis in cells and in extracts of e. coli. mutations to high-level resistance to this antibiotic map close to the streptomycin locus, and the site of action of spectinomycin, like that of streptomycin, is the 30s ribosomal subunit, as shown by experiments with reconstituted 70s ribosomes containing subunits from sensitive and from resistant ribosomes [2].

• Biochem/physiol Actions

  Mode of Action: Spectinomycin acts by inhibiting protein synthesis and elongation by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit and interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation.Mode of Resistance: A mutation in rpsE, the gene for ribosomal protein S5, prevents the binding of spectinomycin. Resistance is also conferred by the aminoglycoside-3′-adenyltransferase gene (aadA). Antimicrobial spectrum: Spectinomycin acts against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.

• Einzelnachweise

  [1] zimmerman j m, maher l j. in vivo selection of spectinomycin‐binding rnas[j]. nucleic acids research, 2002, 30(24): 5425-5435.
  [2] davies j, anderson p, davis b d. inhibition of protein synthesis by spectinomycin[j]. science, 1965, 149(3688): 1096-1098.

Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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