Magnesiumhydroxid

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Warnung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H315：Verursacht Hautreizungen.

  H319：Verursacht schwere Augenreizung.

  H335：Kann die Atemwege reizen.

• Sicherheit

  P261：Einatmen von Staub vermeiden.

  P304+P340：BEI EINATMEN: Die Person an die frische Luft bringen und für ungehinderte Atmung sorgen.

  P305+P351+P338：BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

  P405：Unter Verschluss aufbewahren.

Magnesium hydroxide Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
  S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
  S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.

• Beschreibung

  A white, bulky powder. It dissolves in dilute acids, but is practically insoluble in water and in alcohol.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Magnesium hydroxide is another metal hydrate that decomposes endothermically, accompanied by the formation of water. It decomposes at 330 °C, which is 100 °C higher than alumina trihydrate, and can therefore be used in polymers that are processed at higher temperatures. Magnesium hydroxide is white, has an average particle size of 1–10 μm, density of 2.36 g/mL, refractive index of 1.58, and Mohs’ hardness of 2.00. Water loss on ignition is 31.8 wt %. Magnesium hydroxide contains 1.0 wt % Ca(OH)2 and is made by Solem Industries and Morton Thiokol.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OHn, also known as magnesium hydrate and brucite, is a white powder that is very slightly soluble in water. It decomposes at 350°C (662 OF). It is used in the extraction of magnesium metal and as a reagent in the sulfite wood pulp process. Magnesium hydroxide is formed by the reaction of sodium hydroxide and a soluble magnesium salt solution. Brucite, a mineral composed of magnesium hydroxide with occasional traces of iron and manganese, is a white to grayish translucent secondary mineral found with serpentine and metamorphic dolomites.

• Physikalische Eigenschaften

  Magnesium Hydroxide decomposes when heated to 360°C and forms the oxide, MgO. It is very slightly soluble in water at 0.00122 g/100 ml and has a solubility product of 5.61×10^-12. Crystals of Mg(OH)2 have a refractive index of 1.559. Its heat of formation is –925 kJ/mol with an entropy of 63 J/mol·K.
  As a suspension in water, it is often called milk of magnesia because of its milk-like appearance. The solid mineral form of magnesium hydroxide is known as “brucite”.
  It can be prepared by the metathesis reaction between any soluble magnesium salts and an alkali hydroxide such as sodium or even ammonium:
  Mg²⁺(aq)＋2OH^-(aq)→Mg(OH)2(solid)
  Magnesium hydroxide is a common component of antacids and laxatives. It interferes with the absorption of folic acid and iron. Its low solubility makes it a weak base. Another method of commercial manufacture of magnesium hydroxide involves the chloride obtained from seawater. After the chloride is recrystallized several times to obtain a level of purity, it is calcined at about 1000°C:
  MgCl2·6H2O → MgCl2＋6H2O
  → Mg(OH)_-xCl2_-x＋xHCl
  → MgO＋(2－x)HCl

• Occurrence

  Magnesium Hydroxide occurs naturally as the mineral brucite. Brucite, usually found as a low temperature, hydrothermal vein mineral associated with calcite, aragonite, talc, or magnesite, appears as a decomposition product of magnesium silicates associated with serpentine, dolomite, magnesite, and chromite. Brucite also occurs as a hydrated form of periclase, and is found in serpentine, marble, chlorite schists, and in crystalline limestone.

• Verwenden

  Suspensions of magnesium hydroxide in water (milk of magnesia) are used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid, and a laxative. This may cause diarrhea and loss of potassium with concomitant muscle cramps. Magnesium hydroxide is also used as an antiperspirant armpit deodorant. Milk of magnesia is useful against “canker sores” (aphthous ulcer) when used topically. Milk of magnesia is sold for medical use to alleviate constipation, but also to relieve indigestion and heartburn.
  Milk of magnesia is also used as a folk remedy, applied and massaged in (a few minutes before washing), to relieve symptoms of “seborrhea” and “dandruff”. It is also said to be used for seborrheic dermatitis, which is a drying and flaking of the skin similar to dandruff but often occurring on the face.
  Magnesium hydroxide powder is used industrially as a nonhazardous alkali to neutralize acidic wastewaters. Solid magnesium hydroxide has also smoke suppressing and fire retarding properties. Common uses of magnesium hydroxide as a fire retardant include plastics, roofing, and coatings. Magnesium hydroxide is marketed as a slurry for use as a neutralizing agent in the treatment of acidic wastewaters.

• Verwenden

  Magnesium Hydroxide is an alkali that is a general purpose food additive. it exists as a white powder and has poor solubility in water and in alcohol. in frozen desserts it will increase the tendency for fat globules to clump, which results in an increase in dryness. it reacts with triglycerides in fatty acids to form soaps. it also functions as a drying agent in foods.

• Verwenden

  Magnesium hydroxide has been used in the synthesis of brucite.

• Definition

  ChEBI: A magnesium hydroxide in which the magnesium atom is bound to two hydroxide groups.

• Trademarks

  Oxaine M (Wyeth-Ayerst); Phillips Magnesia Tablets (Sterling Health U.S.A.); Phillips Milk of Magnesia Liquid (Sterling Health U.S.A.).

• Flammability and Explosibility

  Not classified

• Pharmazeutische Anwendungen

  The synthesis of magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)₂] is based on a metathesis reaction in which magnesium salts are reacted with sodium or potassium hydroxide.
  Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) has only limited solubility in water and the resulting suspension is called milk of magnesia, which is commonly used as an antacid and is known to be a mild base.
  Magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)₂] is present in antacids because of its laxative properties and is also the main ingredient of the ‘milk of magnesia’. The ‘milk of magnesia’ is a suspension of Mg(OH)₂ in water, which has a milk-like appearance because of the low aqueous solubility of Mg(OH)₂. It is considered as a strong electrolyte and a weak base and is given to the patient for indigestion and heartburn. The alkaline suspension neutralises any excess stomach acid and therefore works as an antacid. It also stimulates intestinal movement, as the magnesium ions increases the water content in the intestines through its osmotic effect and as a result softens any faeces present.

• Biochem/physiol Actions

  Magnesium hydroxide is a flame retardant. Magnesium hydroxide is commonly used as an antacid which has a long-lasting effect. The liquid formulation of magnesium hydroxide is called milk of magnesia. It is used as a laxative. It is used in the treatment of diarrhea along with aluminium hydroxide. The naturally occurring form of magnesium hydroxide is brucite.

• Sicherheitsprofil

  Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. Human systemic effects: chlorine level changes, coma, somnolence. Incompatible with maleic anhydride, phosphorus. See also MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS.

• Veterinary Drugs and Treatments

  Magnesium hydroxide in combination with aluminum salts have been used in veterinary medicine for the adjunctive treatment of esophagitis, gastric hyperacidity, peptic ulcer and gastritis. In foals and small animals, because of difficulty in administration, the frequent dosing that is often required, and availability of the histamine- 2 blocking agents (cimetidine, ranitidine, etc.), proton-pump inhibitors (e.g., omeprazole) and sucralfate, antacids have largely been relegated to adjunctive roles in therapy for these indications. Magnesium hydroxide alone (milk of magnesia) is sometimes used as an oral laxative in small animals.
  In ruminants, magnesium hydroxide is used to increase rumen pH and as a laxative in the treatment of rumen overload syndrome (aka acute rumen engorgement, rumen acidosis, grain overload, engorgement toxemia, rumen impaction).

Magnesium hydroxide Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Magnesiumhydroxid Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global(740)Suppliers

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