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1-Thioglycerol is a reagent used in fluorescence, spectroscopy, and microbiology techniques. Varying the concentration of 1-thioglycerol in the preparation of CdSe/CdS core-shell ultrasmall quantum dots (CS-USQDs) allows a precise way to control the size of the shell, with shell size increasing with increased concentration. It is used as a capping agent in the synthesis of nanocrystals analyzed via Raman and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Biologically, 1-thioglycerol stimulates porphyrin synthesis and increases glutamyl-tRNA reductase activity in E. coli grown in an aerobic environment. It was previously a component in hair permanents used to produce waves or curls.

clear colorless to yellowish viscous solution

Monothioglycerol occurs as a colorless or pale-yellow colored, viscous, hygroscopic liquid with a slight odor of sulfide.

3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol can be used as antioxidant preservative; reagent in analytical chemistry, cell culture research. Matrix substrate in fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.

3-Mercapto-1,2-propanediol has been used in a study to assess the manipulation of aqueous growth of CdTe nanocrystals. It has also been used in a study that investigated the effect of surface attachment on ligand binding

ChEBI: A thiol that is glycerol in which one of the primary hydroxy groups is replaced by a thiol group.

Monothioglycerol is prepared by heating an ethanolic solution of 3- chloro-1,2-propanediol with potassium bisulfide.

Monothioglycerol is used as an antioxidant in pharmaceutical formulations, mainly in parenteral preparations.Monothioglycerol is reported to have some antimicrobial activity.It is also widely used in cosmetic formulations such as depilating agents.
Therapeutically, monothioglycerol has been used in a 0.02% w/w aqueous solution to stimulate wound healing, and as a 0.1% w/w jelly in atrophic rhinitis.

Monothioglycerol is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material at the concentrations used as a pharmaceutical excipient. It is used in topical and injectable preparations. Undiluted monothioglycerol is considered a poison by the IP and IV routes; it has also been reported to be mutagenic.
LD₅₀ (cat, IV): 0.22 g/kg
LD₅₀ (mouse, IP): 0.34 g/kg
LD₅₀ (rabbit, IV): 0.25 g/kg
LD₅₀ (rat, IP): 0.39 g/kg

Monothioglycerol is unstable in alkaline solutions. Monothioglycerol should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.

Monothioglycerol can react with oxidizing materials.

Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IM, IV and other injections). Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Nonmedicinal Ingredients.