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91-20-3

Name Naphthalene
CAS 91-20-3
EINECS(EC#) 202-049-5
Molecular Formula C10H8
MDL Number MFCD00001742
Molecular Weight 128.17
MOL File 91-20-3.mol

Chemical Properties

Description
Naphthalene occurs as transparent prismatic plates also available as white scales, powder balls, or cakes with a characteristic mothball or strong coal tar and aromatic odour. It is sparingly soluble in water but soluble in methanol/ethanol and very soluble in ether. Naphthalene is a commercially important aromatic hydrocarbon. Naphthalene occurs as a white solid or powder. Naphthalene occurs in coal tar in large quantities and is easily isolated from this source in pure condition. It volatilises and sublimes at room temperature above the melting point. The primary use for naphthalene is in the production of phthalic anhydride, also of carbamate insecticides, surface active agents and resins, as a dye intermediate, as a synthetic tanning agent, as a moth repellent, and in miscellaneous organic chemicals. Naphthalene is used in the production of phthalic anhydride; it is also used in mothballs. Naphthalene is also used in the manufacture of phthalic and anthranilic acids to make indigo, indanthrene, and triphenyl methane dyes, for synthetic resins, lubricant, celluloid, lampblack, smokeless powder, and hydronaphthalenes. Naphthalene is also used in dusting powders, lavatory deodorant discs, wood preservatives, fungicide, and as an insecticide. It has been used as an intestinal antiseptic and vermicide and in the treatment of pediculosis and scabies.
Appearance Naphthalene is a colorless to brown crystalline solid with a characteristic “moth ball” odor. Shipped as a molten solid.
Melting point  80-82 °C (lit.)
Boiling point  218 °C (lit.)
density  0.99
vapor density  4.4 (vs air)
vapor pressure  0.03 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
refractive index  1.5821
Fp  174 °F
storage temp.  APPROX 4°C
solubility  methanol: soluble50mg/mL, clear, colorless
form  Faint beige to brown to salmon red powder
color  White to almost white
Specific Gravity 1.145
Odor at 10.00 % in benzyl benzoate. pungent dry tarry
explosive limit 0.9-5.9%(V)
Odor Type pungent
Water Solubility  30 mg/L (25 ºC)
Merck  14,6370
BRN  1421310
Henry's Law Constant 5.64 at 25 °C (thermodynamic method-GC/UV spectrophotometry, Altschuh et al., 1999)
Dielectric constant 2.5(85℃)
Exposure limits TLV-TWA 10 ppm (~50 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); STEL 15 ppm (~75 mg/m3) (ACGIH); IDLH 500 ppm.
InChIKey UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP 3.7 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference 91-20-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC 2B (Vol. 82) 2002
NIST Chemistry Reference Naphthalene(91-20-3)
EPA Substance Registry System 91-20-3(EPA Substance)

Safety Data

Hazard Codes  Xn,N,F,T
Risk Statements 
R22:Harmful if swallowed.
R40:Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
R50/53:Very Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R67:Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
R65:Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed.
R38:Irritating to the skin.
R11:Highly Flammable.
R39/23/24/25:Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .
R23/24/25:Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .
R52/53:Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
Safety Statements 
S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves .
S46:If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label .
S60:This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste .
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet .
S62:If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
S16:Keep away from sources of ignition-No smoking .
S7:Keep container tightly closed .
RIDADR  UN 1334 4.1/PG 3
WGK Germany  3
RTECS  QJ0525000
Autoignition Temperature 978 °F
TSCA  Yes
HazardClass  4.1
PackingGroup  III
HS Code  29029010
Safety Profile
Human poison by ingestion. Experimental poison by ingestion, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. An eye and skin irritant. Can cause nausea, headache, daphoresis, hematuria, fever, anemia, liver damage, vomiting, convulsions, and coma. Poisoning may occur by ingestion of large doses, inhalation, or skin absorption. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame; reacts with oxidizing materials. Explosive reaction with dinitrogen pentaoxide. Reacts violently with CrOs, aluminum chloride + benzoyl chloride. Fires in the benzene scrubbers of coke oven gas plants have been attributed to oxidation of naphthalene. Explosive in the form of vapor or dust when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, use water, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Hazardous Substances Data 91-20-3(Hazardous Substances Data)
IDLA 250 ppm

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