87-33-2

A crystalline solid. May be toxic by ingestion. Used to make pharmaceuticals. Used as a heart drug.

Nitroalkanes, such as ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE MIXTURE(87-33-2), range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation. Nitroalkanes are milder oxidizing agents, but still react violently with reducing agents at higher temperature and pressures. Nitroalkanes react with inorganic bases to form explosive salts. The presence of metal oxides increases the thermal sensitivity of nitroalkanes. Nitroalkanes with more than one nitro group are generally explosive. Nitroalkanes are insoluble in water. This heart drug is detonable when dry, but non-explosive with 30% of water.

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.

Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by friction, heat, sparks or flames. Some may burn rapidly with flare burning effect. Powders, dusts, shavings, borings, turnings or cuttings may explode or burn with explosive violence. Substance may be transported in a molten form at a temperature that may be above its flash point. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished.

white to light yellow crystal powde

Isordil,Ives,US,1959

Antianginal;Nitric oxide (NO) donor

Coronary vasodilator

Isosorbide dinitrate is also used in chronic cardiac insufficiency for preventing angina pectoris attacks. It is a long-lasting drug.

ChEBI: Isosorbide dinitrate is a nitrate ester and a glucitol derivative. It has a role as a vasodilator agent and a nitric oxide donor.

An aqueous syrup of 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-glucitol is slowly added to a cooled mixture of HNO3 and H2SO4. After standing a few minutes the mixture is poured into cold water and the precipitated product is collected and recrystallized from ethanol.

Dilatrate (Schwarz Pharma); Isordil (Biovail); Isordil (Wyeth); Sorbitrate (AstraZeneca).

Coronary vasodilator

Vasodilator:
Prophylaxis and treatment of angina
Left ventricular failure

Isosorbiddinitrate, 1,4:3,6-dianhydrosorbate-2,5-dinitrate (19.1.4), is synthesized by intermolecular dehydration of D-sorbite into isosorbide (19.1.3) using paratoluenesulfonic acid and subsequent nitration of the two hydroxyl groups by nitric acid.

Isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) and dinitrate (ISDN) are organic nitrates potentially useful as preload reducing agents in treating heart failure in small animals, however, research and clinical experience demonstrating clinical efficacy are lacking in dogs or cats. Limited research indicates that dogs may require much higher dosages of isosorbide dinitrate to achieve therapeutic effects than do humans.
In humans, isosorbide nitrates are used for treating or preventing angina, treating esophageal spasm, and as an adjunctive treatment in CHF.

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs Avanfil, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil: hypotensive effect significantly enhanced - avoid concomitant use. Riociguat: avoid concomitant use due to risk of hypotension.

Isosorbide dinitrate undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. It is taken up by smooth muscle cells of blood vessels and the nitrate group is cleaved to inorganic nitrite and then to nitric oxide. It is also rapidly metabolised in the liver to the major active metabolites isosorbide 2-mononitrate and isosorbide 5-mononitrate. Isosorbide mononitrate is metabolised to inactive metabolites, including isosorbide and isosorbide glucuronide. Only about 2% of isosorbide mononitrate is excreted unchanged in the urin

4°C, protect from light